Women, Public Life and Democracy , livre ebook
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English
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2003
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207
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English
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2003
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Publié par
Date de parution
20 mars 2003
Nombre de lectures
0
EAN13
9781849641890
Langue
English
More and more women from Commonwealth countries are now securing jobs in the senior public sector. With women increasingly able to access key roles in the shaping of government and legislature, often at an elected level, this book provides a timely study of the progress that has been made by Commonwealth countries, and the practical measures these countries are taking to promote women's rights.
The authors explore what the Commonwealth has done in the new millennium, at governmental levels, to make parliaments more accessible to women. It includes a comprehensive description of women's rights in the Commonwealth's diverse cultural and social groupings. The authors demonstrate why gender equality is an important issue for both sexes and how the Commonwealth can lead the world in finding effective solutions to global issues.
1. Introduction, Setting out the Terms
2. The Role of Parliamentarians
3. Representation without the Incumbency Barrier: The Example of Scotland
4. Waving Goodbye to Dinosaurs: The Northern Ireland Women’s Coalition
5. Making Parliamentarians Listen to Women Voters and Getting Women Elected
6. The Beijing Process
7. Gender Mainstreaming
8. Affirmative Action – Help or Hindrance?
9. Education and Sex Equality
10. Equalising Access to Care and Services
11. The Nordic Model: The Example of Finland
12. Equality Policy: The Example of Malaysia
13. The Implementation of Equal Rights Legislation
14. Does Size Matter? Sex equality in Small States
15. How Can NGOs Lobby for Change? A Users Guide
16. Improving Access to Credit, Technology and Business
17. Can the Media be Resexed?
18. Conclusions
Appendix 1: What works and what does not for women in politics? A Commonwealth perspective.
Appendix 2: Institutional framework for mainstreaming gender in Public Service personnel management.
Appendix 3: Affirmative Action in the Commonwealth Secretariat
Appendix 4: List of Delegates
Appendix 5: Conference Programme
Voir
The authors explore what the Commonwealth has done in the new millennium, at governmental levels, to make parliaments more accessible to women. It includes a comprehensive description of women's rights in the Commonwealth's diverse cultural and social groupings. The authors demonstrate why gender equality is an important issue for both sexes and how the Commonwealth can lead the world in finding effective solutions to global issues.
1. Introduction, Setting out the Terms
2. The Role of Parliamentarians
3. Representation without the Incumbency Barrier: The Example of Scotland
4. Waving Goodbye to Dinosaurs: The Northern Ireland Women’s Coalition
5. Making Parliamentarians Listen to Women Voters and Getting Women Elected
6. The Beijing Process
7. Gender Mainstreaming
8. Affirmative Action – Help or Hindrance?
9. Education and Sex Equality
10. Equalising Access to Care and Services
11. The Nordic Model: The Example of Finland
12. Equality Policy: The Example of Malaysia
13. The Implementation of Equal Rights Legislation
14. Does Size Matter? Sex equality in Small States
15. How Can NGOs Lobby for Change? A Users Guide
16. Improving Access to Credit, Technology and Business
17. Can the Media be Resexed?
18. Conclusions
Appendix 1: What works and what does not for women in politics? A Commonwealth perspective.
Appendix 2: Institutional framework for mainstreaming gender in Public Service personnel management.
Appendix 3: Affirmative Action in the Commonwealth Secretariat
Appendix 4: List of Delegates
Appendix 5: Conference Programme
Publié par
Date de parution
20 mars 2003
Nombre de lectures
0
EAN13
9781849641890
Langue
English
Women, Public Life and Democracy
Changing Commonwealth Parliamentary Perspectives
Compiled and edited by JO N ILO V E N D U S K Iand RO S I ECA M P B E L Lwith JA C Q U ISA M P S O N JA C E N T
Commonwealth Parliamentary Association in Association with Pluto Press London ∙ Sterling, Virginia
First published 2002 by Pluto Press 345 Archway Road, London N6 5AA and 22883 Quicksilver Drive, Sterling, VA 201662012, USA www.plutobooks.com
Copyright © 2002 Commonwealth Parliamentary Association
The rights of Joni Lovenduski, Rosie Campbell and the Commonwealth Parlia mentary Association to be identified as the authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress CataloginginPublication Data Women, public life and democracy : changing Commonwealth parliamentary perspectives / compiled and edited by Joni Lovenduski, Rosie Campbell and the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association. p. cm. Preface – Women, public life and democracy – Introduction – Setting out the terms / by Prof. Joni Lovenduski – The Role of Parliamentarians – Representation without the incumbency barrier: the example of Scotland – Waving goodbye to dinosaurs: the Northern Ireland Women’s Coalition – Making Parliamentarians listen to women voters and getting women elected – The Beijing process – Gender mainstreaming Affirmative Action: help or hindrance? – Education and sex equality equalising access to care and services – The Nordic model: The Example of Finland Equality Policy. The example of Malaysia : the implementation of equal rights legislation / by Hon. Gillian James – Does size matter? sex equality in small states – How can NGOs lobby for change? A Users guide / by Georgina Ashworth – Improving access to credit, technology and business – Can the media be resexed? / by Jackie Ashley – Conclusions / by Rosie Campbell – What works and what does not for women in politics? a Commonwealth perspective / by the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association – Institutional framework for mainstreaming gender in public service personnel management / by the Commonwealth Secretariat Affirmative Action in the Commonwealth Secretariat – Part 2. Gendersensitizing Commonwealth Parliaments: report of a CPA Study Group, FebruaryMarch 2001 / by Mrs Jacqui SampsonJacent – Gendersensitizing Commonwealth Parliaments: Commonwealth Parliamentary Conference Plenary report, September 2001 – Report of a Commonwealth Parliamentary Conference Workshop on Gender, September 2001 – Strategic partnerships for politics in the 21st Century : Report of a Commonwealth Women Parliamentarians Meeting, September 2001 – Representation of Women in Commonwealth Parliaments and Legislatures. ISBN 0745320392 1. Women in politics–Commonwealth countries. 2. Women’s rights–Commonwealth countries. I. Lovenduski, Joni. II. Campbell, Rosie, 1967 III. Commonwealth Parliamentary Association. HQ1236.5.C7 W66 2003 306.2’082–dc21
ISBN 0 7453 2039 2 hardback
Designed and produced for Pluto Press by Curran Publishing Services, Norwich
Printed and bound in the European Union by Antony Rowe Ltd, Chippenham and Eastbourne, England
Contents
List of tables Preface
P A R T 1
1 Introduction: setting out the terms Joni Lovenduski 2 The role of Parliamentarians 3 Representation without the incumbency barrier: the example of Scotland 4 Waving goodbye to dinosaurs: the Northern Ireland Women’s Coalition 5 Making Parliamentarians listen to women voters and getting women elected 6 The Beijing process 7 Gender mainstreaming 8 Affirmative action: help or hindrance 9 Education and sex equality 10 Equalizing access to care and services 11 The Nordic model: the example of Finland 12 Equality policy: the example of Malaysia 13 The implementation of equal rights legislation: personal observations Hon. Gillian James, MHA 14 Does size matter? Sex equality in small states
[ v ]
vii ix
3
1
0
18
2
6
30 36 42 48 57 64 71 78
83
9
0
15
16
17
18
19
20
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WOMEN,LI F E AND DEMOCRACYPUBLI C
How can NGOs lobby for change? A user’s guide Georgina Ashworth Improving access to credit, technology and business resources Can the media be resexed? Jackie Ashley Conclusions Rosie Campbell What works and what does not for women in politics: a Commonwealth perspective Commonwealth Parliamentary Association Institutional framework for mainstreaming gender in public service personnel management Commonwealth Secretariat Affirmative action in the Commonwealth Secretariat Commonwealth Secretariat
P A R T 2
Preface to chapters 22 and 23 22 Report of a CPA study group on gendersensitizing Commonwealth parliaments Jacqui SampsonJacent 23 Gendersensitizing Commonwealth parliaments: Commonwealth Parliamentary Conference Plenary Report, September 2001 24 Report of a Commonwealth Parliamentary Conference Workshop on Gender, September 2001 25 Strategic partnerships for politics in the twentyfirst century: report of a Commonwealth Women Parliamentarians Meeting, September 2001
[ vi ]
9
2
97 99
111
118
126
131
135
137
164
168
174
26 Representation of Women in Commonwealth parliaments and legislatures Bibliography
[ vii ]
184 191
8.1
Tables
21.1 22.1 26.1 26.2 26.3 26.4
26.5 26.6
26.7 26.8
Women’s representation in political decisionmaking in the Commonwealth: Ranking of top ten countries in 1999/2000 Secretariat staff: comparative figures (%) Female representation in Parliament by region
Female representation in various houses: Africa Female representation in various houses: Asia Female representation in various houses: Australia Female representation in various houses: British Islands and Mediterranean Female representation in various houses: Canada Female representation in various houses: Caribbean, Atlantic and Americas Female representation in various houses: Pacific Female representation in various houses: SouthEast Asia
51 131 139 184 186 187
187 188
189 190
190
[ ix ]
WOMEN,PUBLI C LI F E AND DEMOCRACY
Preface
Fiftysix female and male Parliamentarians from more than thirty Commonwealth and other countries met from 19–23 June 2000 at a conference on Women, Public Life and Democracy held by the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (CPA), in cooperation with the British Council, at Wilton Park in the United Kingdom. The delegates reviewed developments in the position of women in society and identified successful strategies employed throughout the Commonwealth and elsewhere in order to bring about economic, social, political and cultural equality between the sexes. With the broad framework of the theme of women and democracy, delegates explored and discussed progress on sex equality in the twelve main areas that were identified by the Fourth World Congress on Women at Beijing in 1995: poverty, education and training, health, violence, armed conflict, the econ omy, power and decisionmaking, institutional mechanisms for the advancement of women, human rights, the media, the envi ronment and the girl child. While no delegates were satisfied with progress in their coun try, almost all reported progress. Nevertheless, resistance to equality between the sexes continues to impede the access of women not only to political power, but also to cultural, social and economic resources. The low numbers of women in Parliament are a sensitive indicator of what happens elsewhere in democratic systems. The challenge for governments and women’s advocates is to break down resistance to women’s rights and to develop comprehensive programmes of sex equality that are backed by widespread public support: that is, support both from men and women. The first part of this book, which stems from the CPA–British Council conference at Wilton Park, offers examples of such
[ x ]
WOMEN,AND DEMOCRACYPUBLI C LI F E
programmes and discusses their success and progress. Based on the discussion papers made available by the main speakers, it is built on the proceedings of the conference. It includes points made by participants in the discussions. In compiling this volume we have acted as editors rather than authors. Our aim has been to reproduce the conference deliberations, debates and conclusions in a form that is accessible to the community of Parliamentarians, nongovernmental organizations, advocates, activists, experts and citizens who are interested in progress to sex equality. The second part of this book takes progress in the par liamentary field a step further. It begins with the report of the CPA Study Group on ‘Gendersensitizing Commonwealth parliaments’ written by the Clerk of the Trinidad and Tobago House of Repre sentatives, Mrs Jacqui SampsonJacent. The Study Group was set up following a suggestion made by the Commonwealth Women Parliamentarians, a group within the CPA, that it is necessary to examine conventions and language embedded in parliamentary standing orders that possibly affect behaviour and attitudes towards women. The focus of the Study Group was broadened to include consideration of other aspects of parliamentary life that many women find alienating or difficult. The Group, composed of eight Commonwealth women Members, met in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, from 25 February to 2 March 2001. The report then served as a background paper for discussions of the gender issue at the September 2001 Commonwealth Parlia mentary Conference held in Canberra, Australia, which was attended by close to 520 Members and officials of 156 Common wealth parliaments and legislatures. Summary reports of those discussions follow the Study Group report, as delegates consid ered the subject first in plenary session and then in detailed discussions in a workshop. A meeting of the Commonwealth Women Parliamentarians held during the conference also consid ered the subject as part of a broader agenda on action to advance the representation of women in Commonwealth parliamentary houses, and those deliberations are also summarized here. The two parts of this book provide an insight into the way in which Commonwealth parliaments and legislatures are evolving new perspectives based on representation, gender and the
[ xi ]
WOMEN,PUBLI C LI F E AND DEMOCRACY
involvement of women at all levels in parliamentary democratic institutions.
[ xii ]
