Neoliberal Bandwagonism. Civil society and the politics of belonging in Anglophone Cameroon , livre ebook
276
pages
English
Ebooks
2009
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276
pages
English
Ebooks
2009
Obtenez un accès à la bibliothèque pour le consulter en ligne En savoir plus
Publié par
Date de parution
01 novembre 2009
EAN13
9789956716371
Langue
English
Poids de l'ouvrage
5 Mo
Civil society and empowerment have become buzz words in neoliberal development discourse. Yet many unanswered questions remain on the actual nature and configuration assumed by civil society in specific contexts. Typically, while neoliberals perceive civil-society organisations as vital intermediary channels for the successful implementation of desired economic and political reforms, they are inclined to blame the current resurgence of the politics of belonging for the poor record of these reforms in Africa and elsewhere. This book rejects such notions and argues that the relationship between civil society and the politics of belonging is more complex in Africa than western donors and scholars are willing to admit. Konings argues that ethno-regional associations and movements are even more significant constituents of civil society in Africa than the conventional civil-society organisations that are often uncritically imposed or endorsed. He convincingly shows how the politics of belonging, so pervasive in Cameroon, and indeed much of Africa, during the current neoliberal economic and political reforms, has tended to penetrate the entire range of associational life. This calls for a critical re-appraisal of prevalent notions and assumptions about civil society in the interest of African reality. Hence the importance of this book!
Voir
Publié par
Date de parution
01 novembre 2009
EAN13
9789956716371
Langue
English
Poids de l'ouvrage
5 Mo
LANGAA | AFRICAN STUDIES CENTRE, LEIDEN
Neoliberal Bandwagonism: Cîvîl socîety and the polîtîcs of belongîng în Anglophone Cameroon
PIet KonIngs
Neoliberal Bandwagonism: Civil society and the politics of belonging in Anglophone Cameroon
Langaa & African Studies Centre Neoliberal Bandwagonism: Civil Society and the Politics of Belonging in Anglophone Cameroon Piet Konings
Langaa Research and Publishing Common Initiative Group PO Box 902 Mankon Bamenda North West Region Cameroon Phone +237 33 07 34 69 / 33 36 14 02 LangaaGrp@gmail.com www.africanbookscollective.com/publishers/langaa-rpcig
African Studies Centre P.O. Box 9555 2300 RB Leiden The Netherlands Phone +31 72 527 3372 asc@ascleiden.nl www.ascleiden.nl ISBN: 9956-558-23-0 © Langaa & African Studies Centre, 2009
Contents AcknowledgementsviiiAbbreviationsixMap of the Republic of Cameroonxi1 CIVIL SOCIETY INANGLOPHONECAMEROON1Introduction 1Towards an African version of civil society 2Neoliberal reforms, civil society and the politics of belonging in Anglophone Cameroon 5Organisation of the book 8Conclusion 112 MOBILITY AND EXCLUSION:THE DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOCHTHONY MOVEMENTS IN THESOUTHWESTPROVINCE12Introduction 12The South West plantation economy and labour mobility 14Labour mobility and relations between autochthons and allochthons in the Southwestern estates prior to political liberalisation 17The growing divide between the South-West and North-West elites in Anglophone Cameroon 20Political liberalisation and the aggravation of the autochthony- allochthony issue in South West Province 27Conclusion 343 AUTOCHTHONY AND ETHNIC CLEANSING IN THESOUTHWESTPROVINCE:THE1961TOMBEL DISTURBANCES35Introduction 35Factors underlying the 1966 Bakossi-Bamileke confrontation 39Bamileke mobility and encroachment on Bakossi land 40The UPC rebellion and insecurity in the Bakossi region 42The Bakossi elite and ethnic mobilisation 44The 1966 Bakossi-Bamileke confrontation in the Tombel area 47Conclusion 514 THEMARANATHA MOVEMENT AND AUTOCHTHONYIN THESOUTHWESTPROVINCE53Introduction 53The emergence of the Maranatha movement crisis in the Buea diocese 57Vehement South West resistance against the victimisation of the autochthonous founder of the Maranatha movement 63Conclusion 70
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5 THE ENTRY OFANGLOPHONE NATIONALISM INTO PUBLIC SPACE72Introduction 72The emergence of anglophone nationalism in public space 75Bringing back Anglophone identity into historical space 80Creating space for Anglophone identity in arts 84Placing Anglophone identity in virtual space 85Expansion of Anglophone identity into legal space 87Experiencing Anglophone identity in everyday space 88Conclusion 916 ANGLOPHONE STUDENTS ANDANGLOPHONE NATIONALISTSTRUGGLES92Introduction 92The vanguard role of Anglophone students in Anglophone nationalist struggles 95The Southern Cameroons Youth League (SCYL) 99President Biya’s Youths (PRESBY) 102Conclusion 1067 UNIVERSITY OFBUEA STUDENTS ON STRIKE108Introduction 108Authoritarian governance of the University of Buea 109The 2005 UB students’ strike 113The 2006 UB students’ strike 121Conclusion 1258 AUTONOMOUS TEACHERS’TRADE UNIONISM IN ANGLOPHONECAMEROON,1959-1972127Introduction 127Political and educational reforms in Anglophone Cameroon 132The role of the Southern Cameroons Union of Teachers 134The role of the West Cameroon Union of Teachers 139Conclusion 1469 ANGLOPHONE TEACHERS’ORGANISATIONS DURINGCAMEROON’S POLITICAL LIBERALISATION149Introduction 149The Teachers’ Association of Cameroon (TAC): Defending regional interests versus the state 152The Cameroon Teachers’ Trade Union (CATTU): Defending class interests versus the state 158Conclusion 165 10 RELATIONS BETWEEN THEROMANCATHOLIC CHURCH AND THE STATEINCAMEROON’S POSTCOLONY168Introduction 168RCC-state relations in Cameroon during one-party rule, 1961-1990 171RCC-state relations in Cameroon during political liberalisation, 1990-2007 177Conclusion 184
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11 PRIVATISATION AND ETHNO-REGIONAL PROTESTINANGLOPHONECAMEROON186Introduction 186Governance and privatisation in Cameroon 188Privatisation of the CDC and ethno-regional opposition 192Ethno-regional protest actions against CDC privatisation 194Conclusion 20412 PRIVATISATION AND LABOUR MILITANCYINANGLOPHONECAMEROON205Introduction 205The Tole Tea Estate labour force prior to privatisation 206Growing labour militancy after the estate’s privatisation 210Conclusion 21813 THEANGLOPHONECAMEROON-NIGERIA BOUNDARY:OPPORTUNITIES AND CONFLICTS220Introduction 220The Anglophone Cameroon-Nigeria boundary during the British mandate and trust eras 222The Anglophone Cameroon-Nigeria boundary after reunification 226The Anglophone Cameroon-Nigeria boundary: Contesting sovereignty over Bakassi 231Conclusion 238References 239Index 255
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Acknowledgements During my fieldwork in Cameroon I became indebted to a great number of people and unfortunately there is room to mention only a few of them here. I am parti-cularly grateful to a considerable number of civil-society leaders and members who spent much of their precious time giving me an insight into the aims and strategies of their organisations. I highly appreciated the assistance offered by the late Prince Henry Mbayn of the Buea National Archives who provided me with access to rele-vant archives, papers and documents. I also benefited from the regular advice and support of some Cameroonian colleagues, in particular Benedict Nantang Jua and Robert Mbe Akoko. Francis Beng Nyamnjoh has been a constant source of friend-ship and intellectual stimulation. In fact, he was the one who inspired me to under-take this book project and complete it. I would also like to express my gratitude to the African Studies Centre in Leiden which funded the entire project. Two members of this institute have been parti-cularly helpful. I wish to thank Ann Reeves for copy-editing the text and Mieke Zwart for the lay-out work.
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Abbreviations AAC All Anglophone Conference ADDECAssociation pour la Défense des Droits des Étudiants du Cameroun ADP Association of Diocesan PriestsAETC African and Eastern Trading Company BDCBloc Démocratique Camerounais BLC Bakweri Land Committee BLCC Bakweri Land Claims Committee BNA Buea National Archives CAM Cameroon Anglophone Movement CAMSA Cameroon Students’ Solidarity Association CANSA Cameroon Anglophone Students’ Association CAPSU Cameroon Anglophone Public Servants’ Union CAPTAC Confederation of Anglophone Parents-Teachers’ Association of Cameroon CATA Catholic Teachers’ Association CATTU Cameroon Teachers’ Trade Union CCCECaisse Centrale de Coopération Économique CDC Cameroon Development Corporation COMDEV Commonwealth Development Corporation CPDM Cameroon People’s Democratic Movement CPNC Cameroon People’s National Congress CRTV Cameroon Radio and Television CTE Cameroon Tea Estates ENSÉcole Normale Supérieure ENAMÉcole Nationale d’Administration et de Magistrature EDF European Development Fund ESAP Enhanced Structural Adjustment Programme ECOSOC (United Nations) Economic and Social Council FAWU Fako Agricultural Workers’ Union FECASEFédération Camerounaise des Syndicats de l’Éducation FESERFédération des Syndicats de l’Enseignement et de la Recherche FCFAFranc de la Communauté Financière Africaine GCE General Certificate of Education GDP Gross Domestic Product HIPC Heavily Indebted Poor Countries ICFTU International Confederation of Free Trade Unions ICJ International Court of Justice IDA International Development Association ILO International Labour Organisation IMF International Monetary Fund INUCT Independent Union of Cameroon Teachers KNC Kamerun National Congress KNDP Kamerun National Democratic Party
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