Muslim Women: Social Realties and Legal Rules , livre ebook

497

pages

English

Ebooks

2023

Écrit par
Sarab Hafez

Publié par
Center for Arab Unity Studies

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497

pages

English

Ebook

2023

Lire un extrait

Obtenez un accès à la bibliothèque pour le consulter en ligne En savoir plus

Publié par

Center for Arab Unity Studies

Date de parution

01 janvier 2023

Nombre de lectures

EAN13

9786144980392

Langue

English

Poids de l'ouvrage

5 Mo

Publié par

Center for Arab Unity Studies

Date de parution

01 janvier 2023

Nombre de lectures

EAN13

9786144980392

Langue

English

Poids de l'ouvrage

5 Mo

4. Hadith.

Rules /

Realties

2. Fiqh.

and

Legal

Published in Arabic (2022) by Centre for Arab Unity Studies

Centre for Arab Unity Studies

http://www.caus.org.lb

Email: info@caus.org.lb

Contains an index

Cover design: Yara Haider

Social

5. The Holy Quran.

1. Women in Islam.

305.48

A. Title.

ISBN: 978-614-498-039-2

6. Hijab.

7. Islamic Thought.

Muslim Women: Sarab Hafez.

Hafez, Sarab

Bibliography: 457-469

496 pages

st 1 edition Beirut, October 2023

3. Sunnah.

ال آ :قول ل و يب رل

The Views expressed in this book do not necessarily reflect the views adopted by the Centre for Arab Unity Studies

Table of Contents

Acknowledgment...........................................................

Abstract...........................................................................

Introduction..................................................................... 17

Chapter I: 1.1.

1.1.1.

1.1.2.

1.1.3.

1.2.

1.2.1.

Versions ofUṣūlal-Fiqh.................. 57 Uṣūl al-Fiqh(basic religious proofs) as expounded by the founders of the main Sunnī Schools...................................... 58 Thevalidproofthatisbindingonandabsolutely applicable to all Muslims ...60 Theprobabilisticproofwhichisconsequently not binding on all Muslims, but is binding only on the scholar who considered such proof valid, and on his followers ..............................................61 ThemaindifferencesbetweentheSchool founders in the field of Uṣūl al-Fiqh .........................................66 Uṣūl al-Fiqhas expounded by later jurists(Uṣūliyūn) ................................. 73 Uṣūlal-Fiqhas expounded byal-mutaqaddimūn (theShāfi‘īand Ḥanafīapproaches) ..............................78

1.2.2.

Chapter II: 2.1.

2.1.1.

2.1.2.

2.2.

2.2.1.

2.2.2.2.3.

Chapter III:

3.1.

3.2.

3.3.

Chapter IV: 4.1.

4.1.1.4.1.2.4.2.

Uṣūlal-Fiqhas expounded byal-muta’akhkhirūn(theShāfi‘īorientation in determiningUṣūl al-Fiqhor the final version ofUṣūl al-Fiqh) ...................... 86

Sunnahandḥadīth........................... 95 Sunnahandḥadīthas used by the early Muslims ............................................... 96 The difference between the two terms in terms of meaning ............................. 99 The difference between the two terms with respect of transmission ................100 Sunnahandḥadīthas expounded by the founders of the main Sunnī Schools.... 101 The approach ofAbū Ḥanīfah andMālik .............................................103 The approach ofal-Shāfi‘īandAḥmad..111 Sunnahandḥadīthas expounded by Uṣūliyūn:TheShāfi‘īorientation in determining....................Uṣūl al-Fiqh 114

Ḥadīth āḥād(Single transmitted tradition)...........121................................ Traditionswhichprohibitedthewritingdown of traditions ................................ 123 Thefunctionassignedtosingletransmitted traditions ........................... 128 Tradition narrators ............................... 138

Ijmā‘ (Consensus)............................ 151 Thestandingofthetermijmā‘with the founders of the main Sunnī Schools.... 153 The stance ofAbū ḤanīfahandAḥmad. 154 The stance ofMālikandal-Shāfi‘ī ......156 Thestandingofthetermijmā‘with Uṣūliyūn:The Shāfi‘īorientation in determiningUṣūl al-Fiqh ....................160

Chapter V:

5.1. 5.2.

5.2.1.

5.2.2.

5.2.3.

Chapter VI:

6.1. 6.1.1.6.1.2. 6.1.3. 6.1.4. 6.2.

6.2.1.

6.3.

Chapter VII:

7.1.

TheTraditionalMethodofUṣūliyūninta’wīl(Interpretation) of Qur’anic verses and the deducing ofsharī‘ahrules therefrom at the linguistic level 171 Uṣūliyūn’..... 173s basic postulates of faith The most important features of the linguistic approach adopted byUṣūliyūn178 Determination of the inflectional morphemes in the Qur’ān on the basis ofauthenticatedQirā’āt Qur’āniyyah(Qur’anic readings)218.............................. Breaking the grammatical rules of Arabic .................................................. 204 Deficiency of the grammatical rules .... 209

TheTraditionalmethodofUṣūliyūninta’wīl(interpretation) of Qur’anic verses and the deducing ofsharī‘ahrules therefrom at the semantic level217 Advocating synonymy ......................... 218 Synonymy of words ............................. 219 Semantic synonymy ............................. 223 Synonymy of the language forms ........ 226 Number and the countable forms ........ 241 Al-‘āmm wa’l khāss (the general and the particular) ...................................... 243 Al-‘āmm al-makhṣūṣ(the particularized general) ......................... 245 Al-muṭlaq wa’l-muqayyad(the absolute and the restricted) ................................ 251

TheTraditionalmethodofUṣūliyūninta’wīl(interpretation) of Qur’anic verses and the deducing ofsharī‘ahrules therefrom at the historical level 257 Asbāb al-nuzūl(the reasons for the revelation) ............................................ 258

7.1.1.bi‘umūm al-lafẓ lā bikhuṣūṣ Al-‘ibrah al-sabab(what matters is the general application of the wording (of the Qur’anic text) and not the particular reason of the revelation) ...................... 265 7.1.2. Al-‘āmm al-murād bihi al-khuṣūṣ(the general rules of the Qur’ān which are intended to be particular).....................267 7.1.3. Al-khāṣṣ al-murād bihi al-‘umūm (the particularized rules of the Qur’ānwhich are intended to be general)........273 7.1.3.1.At the level of the addressee ................274 7.1.3.2.At the level of the historical event ....... 282 7.2.wa’l-mansūkh Al-nāsikh (the abrogating and the abrogated verses) .................... 290 7.2.1. The types of abrogation ....................... 291 7.2.2. The abrogation agents .......................... 295 Chapter VIII:Ḥijābrules: Case Study................... 305 8.1. The Concept of femininity and masculinity in ancient Western thought and its impact on Islamic thought ........ 306 8.2. The status of woman in the Levant and Mesopotamia before the Islamic conquest ............................................... 315 8.3. Women’s condition in the Arab peninsula before and at the beginning of the Islamic era ................................. 320 8.4.Ḥijāband the related concepts and rules as expounded by the pioneers of Islamic thought ................................................. 333 8.4.1.The basicSunnī........ 333School founders 8.4.1.1.The primary methodological concern of the basic Sunnī School founders.......... 334 8.4.1.2. Ḥijāband‘awrahrules as expounded by the basic Sunnī School founders..... 336 Ṣūfī imams:8.4.2. The Al-Junaydand Ibn ‘Arabī ............................................346

8.4.2.1.The nature of human existence and the meaning of femininity and masculinity at thebāṭinī(inner) level ..................... 348 8.4.2.2. The meaning offitnah,ḥijāband ethics ofḥijābas expounded by Ṣūfī imams. 353 8.4.3.Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-Ṭabarī .............356 8.4.3.1. Al-Ṭabarī’s approach to interpretation:The establishment of‘Ilm ta’wīl al-Qur’ān(the discipline of the interpretation of the Qur’ān)............... 356 8.4.3.2. The meaning of femininity and masculinity as expounded by al-Ṭabarī 363 8.4.3.3.Rules governingḥijāband‘awrahas expounded by al-Ṭabarī....................... 368 8.4.4. Abū Ḥāmid Al-Ghazālī: The process of merger or harmonization between the teachings and ethics ofṢūfism and the system of Sunnī jurisprudence............. 374 8.4.4.1.Al-Ghazālī’s notion of‘Ulūm al-Qur’ān(the sciences of religion): Dressing the teachings and ethics of Ṣūfism injurisprudence garb ............................... 377 8.4.4.2.The meaning of femininity, masculinity andfitnahas expounded by al-Ghazālī 385 8.4.4.3.Rules governingḥijāband‘awrahas propounded by al-Ghazālī................... 393 8.4.5.Taqī al-Dīn b. Taymiyyah................... 397 8.4.5.1.Ibn Taymiyyah’s approach to interpretation ........................................ 400 8.4.5.2.The meaning of femininity, masculinity andfitnahas expounded by Ibn Taymiyyah ..................................... 403 8.4.5.3. The rules governingḥijāband‘awrahas expounded by Ibn Taymiyyah ......... 404 8.4.6.Abdullāh b. Kathīr............................... 411 8.4.6.1.Ibn Kathīr’s approach to interpretation412 8.4.6.2.The meaning of femininity, masculinity andfitnahas expounded by Ibn Kathīr 414

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