Understanding Pharmacology - E-Book , livre ebook

Understanding Pharmacology
Essentials for Medication Safety
2 EDITION
M. Linda Workman, PhD, RN, FAAN
Linda LaCharity, PhD, RN
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Copyright
Dedication
About the Authors
Reviewers and Advisory Board
Preface
Chapter Organization
Learner-Friendly Instructional Design
Teaching and Learning Package
Acknowledgments
Special Features
Unit I General Aspects of Pharmacology
Chapter 1 Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses
Drug Therapy
Ways in Which Drugs Affect the Body (Pharmacodynamics)
How the Body Uses and Changes Drugs (Pharmacokinetics)
Life Span Considerations
Drug Interactions
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 2 Safely Preparing and Giving Drugs
Overview
The Eight Rights of Safe Drug Administration
Types and Interpretation of Drug Orders
Drug Errors
Principles of Administering Drugs
Giving Enteral Drugs
Giving Parenteral Drugs
Giving Percutaneous Drugs
Get Ready for Practice!
Unit II Mathematics for Pharmacology and Dosage Calculation
Chapter 3 Mathematics Review and Introduction to Dosage Calculation
Why Do Health Professionals Need Mathematics?
Math Check
Getting Started
Talking About Numbers: A Whole Number Versus a Part of a Number
Solving Dosage and Calculation Problems
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 4 Medical Systems of Weights and Measures
Overview
Math Check
Measuring Systems Temperature: Fahrenheit and Celsius
Apothecary System for Drug Measurements
Household System for Liquid and Dry Measurements
Two-Step Drug Dosage Calculations
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 5 Dosage Calculation of Intravenous Solutions and Drugs
Overview
Get Ready for Practice!
Unit III Pharmacology for Multisystem Application
Chapter 6 Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Review of Related Physiology and Pathophysiology
Types of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 7 Drugs for Pain Control
Pain
Review of Related Physiology and Pathophysiology
General Issues Related to Analgesic Drug Therapy
Opioids (Narcotics)
Nonopioid Pain-Control Drugs
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 8 Anti-Infectives: Antibacterial Drugs
Review of Related Physiology and Pathophysiology
Antibacterial Therapy
General Issues in Antibacterial Therapy
Types of Antibacterial Drugs
Antibacterial Drug Resistance
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 9 Anti-Infectives: Antiviral Drugs
Viral Infection
Retroviral Infection
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 10 Anti-Infectives: Antitubercular and Antifungal Drugs
Tuberculosis
Fungal Infections
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 11 Drugs That Affect the Immune System
Overview of the Immune System and Immunity
Immunosuppressive Therapy
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 12 Anticancer Drugs
Review of Related Physiology and Pathophysiology
Types of Cancer Treatment
Get Ready for Practice!
Unit IV Drug Therapy for Endocrine Problems
Chapter 13 Drug Therapy for Diabetes
Overview
Review of Related Physiology and Pathophysiology
Types of Drugs for Diabetes
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 14 Drug Therapy for Thyroid and Adrenal Gland Problems
Overview
Hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism
Adrenal Gland Hypofunction
Adrenal Gland Hyperfunction
Get Ready for Practice!
Unit V Drug Therapy for Problems of the Circulatory and Cardiac Systems
Chapter 15 Drugs That Affect Urine Output
Diuretics
Overactive Bladder
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 16 Drug Therapy for Hypertension
Overview
Review of Related Physiology and Pathophysiology
General Issues for Antihypertensive Therapy
Types of Antihypertensive Drugs
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 17 Drug Therapy for Heart Failure
Overview
Review of Related Physiology and Pathophysiology
Treatment for Heart Failure
General Issues in Heart Failure Therapy
Types of Drugs Used to Treat Heart Failure
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 18 Drug Therapy for Dysrhythmias
Review of Related Physiology and Pathophysiology
General Issues Related to Antidysrhythmic Therapy
Types of Antidysrhythmic Drugs
Drugs for Tachydysrhythmias
Unclassified Antidysrhythmic Drugs
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 19 Drug Therapy for High Blood Lipids
Overview
Review of Related Physiology and Pathophysiology
General Issues for Antihyperlipidemic Therapy
Types of Lipid-Lowering Drugs
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 20 Drugs That Affect Blood Clotting
Overview
Review of Related Physiology and Pathophysiology
General Issues for Anticoagulant Therapy
Types of Drugs That Affect Blood Clotting
Get Ready for Practice!
Unit VI Drug Therapy for Respiratory System Problems
Chapter 21 Drug Therapy for Asthma and Other Respiratory Problems
Overview
Review of Related Physiology and Pathophysiology
Types of Drugs for Asthma and COPD
Other Serious Respiratory Disorders
Types of Drug Therapy for Pulmonary Artery Hypertension
Get Ready for Practice!
Unit VII Drug Therapy for Gastrointestinal System Problems
Chapter 22 Drug Therapy for Gastrointestinal Problems
Overview
Nausea and Vomiting
Constipation
Diarrhea
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 23 Drug Therapy for Gastric Ulcers and Reflux
Overview
Review of Related Physiology and Pathophysiology
General Issues for Drugs for PUD and GERD
Types of Drugs for PUD and GERD
Other Drugs Used to Treat Ulcers
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 24 Drug Therapy with Nutritional Supplements
Overview
Review of Related Physiology and Pathophysiology
Get Ready for Practice!
Unit VIII Drug Therapy for Nervous System Problems
Chapter 25 Drug Therapy for Seizures
Overview
Review of Related Physiology and Pathophysiology
Treatment of Seizures
Types of Antiseizure Drugs
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 26 Drug Therapy for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases
Overview
Alzheimer's Disease
Parkinson's Disease
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 27 Drug Therapy for Psychiatric Problems
Overview
Depression
Anxiety
Psychosis
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 28 Drug Therapy for Insomnia
Insomnia
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 29 Drug Therapy for Eye Problems
Overview
Review of Related Physiology and Pathophysiology
General Issues for Local Eye Drug Therapy
Types of Drugs for Glaucoma
Get Ready for Practice!
Unit IX Drug Therapy for Problems of the Musculoskeletal System
Chapter 30 Drug Therapy for Osteoporosis, Arthritis, and Skeletal Muscle Relaxation
The Musculoskeletal System
Osteoporosis
Arthritis
Muscle Spasms
Get Ready for Practice!
Unit X Drug Therapy for Problems of the Reproductive System
Chapter 31 Drug Therapy for Male Reproductive Problems
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Get Ready for Practice!
Chapter 32 Drug Therapy for Female Reproductive Issues
Menopause
Contraception
Get Ready for Practice!
Appendix A Medication Administration Skills*
Bibliography
Index
The Joint Commission's Official Do Not Use List*
Copyright

3251 Riverport Lane
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UNDERSTANDING PHARMACOLOGY: ESSENTIALS FOR MEDICATION SAFETY, SECOND EDITION ISBN: 978-1-4557-3976-9
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Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions.
To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.
Previous edition copyrighted 2011.
International Standard Book Number: 978-1-4557-3976-9
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Dedication
To David, Emmy, and Violet, who complete my rainbow.