Horse Owner's Veterinary Handbook , livre ebook

Horse Owner’s
VETERINARY
Handbook
This book is not intended as a substitute for the medical advice of veterinarians. Readers should regularly consult a veterinarian in matters relating to their horse’s health, and particularly with respect to any symptoms that may require medical attention.
In writing this book, we have described the signs and symptoms that will lead you to a preliminary idea of what is happening with your horse, so you can weigh the severity of the problem. Knowing when to call your veterinarian is very important. Delays can be dangerous.
At the same time, we have sought to provide guidance for the acute or emergency situations that you must handle on your own until you can get veterinary attention for your horse. Life-saving procedures are explained step by step. However, a veterinary handbook is not a substitute for professional care. Advice from a book can never be as helpful or as safe as actual medical advice. No text can replace the interview and the hands-on examination that enables a veterinarian to make a speedy and accurate diagnosis.
However, the knowledge provided in this book will enable you to more effectively cooperate and better understand your interactions with your veterinarian. You’ll be more alert to the signs of health problems and better able to describe them. You’ll know more about basic care for your horse, and you’ll be prepared in an emergency.
Horse Owner’s
VETERINARY
Handbook
Third Edition
Tom Gore, DVM
Paula Gore, MT, ASCP, BB
James M. Giffin, MD
Edited by Beth Adelman
Copyright © 2008 by Howell Book House. All rights reserved.
Howell Book House
Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey
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The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales or promotional materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for every situation. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional services. If professional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising here from. The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that Internet Websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:
Gore, Tom.
Horse owner’s veterinary handbook / Tom Gore, Paula Gore, James M. Giffin ; edited by Beth Adelman. — 3rd ed.
p. cm.
ISBN-13: 978-0-470-12679-0
1. Horses Diseases—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Horses—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Gore, Paula, 1956–II. Giffin, James M. III. Giffin, James M. Horse owner’s veterinary handbook. IV. Title.
SF951.G45 2008
616.1’0896—dc22
2008001418
10    9    8    7    6    5    4    3    2    1
Third Edition
Cover design by José Almaguer
Book production by Wiley Publishing, Inc. Composition Services
A horse gallops with its lungs, perseveres with its heart, and wins with its character .
—Tessio
F INDING I T Q UICKLY
A special Index of Signs and Symptoms is on the inside of the front cover for fast referral. Consult this index if your horse exhibits any unexplained behavior. It will help you locate the problem.
The detailed Contents outlines the organs and body systems that are the sites of disease. If you can locate the problem anatomically, look here first.
The Index begins on page 657 and gives you a comprehensive guide to the book’s medical information. Where a page number is in bold, it indicates more detailed coverage of the subject.
Cross-references note pertinent supplementary or related information.
A Glossary on page 634 defines medical terms used preferentially to best explain the subject or condition. Many of these words are now being used commonly among veterinarians and their clients. Glossary terms are found in italics in the text. (Italics may also be used for emphasis.)
An appendix of Normal Physiological Data can be found on page 619 .
A CKNOWLEDGMENTS
We are grateful to the numerous researchers, clinicians, and educators whose work served as sources for our information. Some are mentioned here, but there were countless others who inspired us.
We appreciate the time and effort Dr. Tim Holt spent with us so we could understand equine acupuncture—and his great photos.
We would like to express our thanks to the Colorado State University Library and Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital for the unlimited resources available. A special thanks to our daughter, Katie, who ferried books home for us to use and return in a timely manner, only to have us check them out again—thanks for keeping your good humor.
We extend our sincerest appreciate to Wiley Publishing and Roxanne Cerda, who gave us the opportunity to produce this work, and to Beth Adelman, for not only editing our revision but for keeping us on track. To Shawn Bott, DVM, of Countryside Large Animal Veterinary Service in Greeley, Colorado, our sincerest thanks for the technical advice.
We appreciate the time and efforts of Dr. Lauren Cinagey and Dr. Christina Kobe in the technical review of our book. Different perspectives are invaluable.
We are forever indebted to Dr. Jim Giffin for inviting us to participate to begin with. We will miss his collaboration, his keen mind, and his good eye for detail.
And finally, we dedicate this edition to our mothers. They never held us back, always encouraged us to do our best, and admonished us to “just be careful.” We love you, Mom!
—Tom and Paula Gore
C ONTENTS
Introduction
Chapter 1: EMERGENCIES
Handling and Restraint
Head Restraint
Halter and Lead
Twitches
Handling the Feet
Preventing the Horse from Kicking
Stocks
Tail Restraint
Restraining a Foal
Chemical Restraint
Abdominal Pain (Colic)
Burns
Cardiovascular Collapse
Sudden Collapse
Exhausted Horse Syndrome
Dehydration
Electric Shock
Exertional Myopathy (The Tying-Up Syndrome and Azoturia)
Heat Stroke
Insect Stings, Spiders, and Scorpions
Poisoning
General Treatment for Poisoning
Poison Baits
Insecticides
Shock
Circulatory Shock
Anaphylactic Shock
Snake and Lizard Bites
Pit Vipers (Rattlesnakes, Moccasins, Copperheads)
Coral Snake
Lizards
Treating Snake and Lizard Bites
Sudden Unexplained Death
Wounds
Controlling the Bleeding
Preventing Infection
Wound Care
Granulation Tissue (Proud Flesh)
Bandaging
Chapter 2: PARASITES
Internal Parasites (Worms)
Strongyles
Ascarids
Threadworms
Stomach Bots
Pinworms (Oxyuris)
Tapeworms
Lungworms
Stomach Worms (Habronema)
Hairworms (Small Stomach Worms)
Liver Flukes
Controlling Internal Parasites
Deworming Agents (Anthelmintics)
Deworming Your Horse
Deworming Programs
Environmental Control of Internal Parasites
External Parasites
Flies
Mosquitoes
Lice
Chiggers
Ticks
Controlling External Parasites
Insecticides and Repellents
Control on Horses
Premise Control
Chapter 3: INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Bacterial Diseases
Salmonellosis
Proliferative Enteropathy
Strangles
Clostridial Infections
Colitis X
Lyme Disease (Borreliosis)
Ulcerative Lymphangitis (Pigeon Fever)
Brucellosis
Tuberculosis
Anthrax
Viral Diseases
Rabies
Equine Viral Encephalomyelitis (Sleeping Sickness)
West Nile Virus
Equine Viral Respiratory Diseases
Equine Infectious Anemia (Swamp Fever)
Vesicular Stomatitis
African Horse Sickness
Rickettsial Diseases
Equine Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis
Potomac Horse Fever
Systemic Fungal Diseases
Histoplasmosis
Coccidioidomycosis
Aspergillosis
Cryptococcosis
Protozoan Diseases
Equine Piroplasmosis (Babesiosis)
Antibodies and Immunity
Vaccinations
Core and Noncore Vaccines
Combination Vaccines
Why Vaccines Sometimes Fail
Adverse Reactions
Special Circumstances for Foals
Chapter 4: THE SKIN AND COAT
How to Avoid Coat and Skin Problems
Grooming
Bathing
Special Bath Problems
Cleaning the Sheath
The Mane and Tail
Blanketing