High Yield Imaging Gastrointestinal E-Book , livre ebook

HIGH-YIELD IMAGING
Gastrointestinal

Richard M. Gore, MD
Professor of Radiology, University of Chicago
Chief, Gastrointestinal Radiology Section, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois

Marc S. Levine, MD
Professor of Radiology, Advisory Dean, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
Chief, Gastrointestinal Radiology Section, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Saunders
Front Matter

HIGH-YIELD IMAGING

Gastrointestinal
Editors
Richard M. Gore, MD
Professor of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chief, Gastrointestinal Radiology Section, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois
Marc S. Levine, MD
Professor of Radiology, Advisory Dean, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Chief, Gastrointestinal Radiology Section, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Copyright

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HIGH-YIELD IMAGING: GASTROINTESTINAL ISBN: 978-1-4160-5544-0
Copyright © 2010 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier's Rights Department: phone: (+1) 215 239 3804 (US) or (+44) 1865, 843830 (UK); fax: (+44) 1865 853333; e-mail: healthpermissions@elsevier.com . You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier website at http://www.elsevier.com/permissions .

Notice
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our knowledge, changes in practice, treatment and drug therapy may become necessary or appropriate. Readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of the practitioner, relying on his or her own experience and knowledge of the patient, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the publisher nor the authors assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising out of or related to any use of the material contained in this book.
The Publisher
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Gore, Richard M.
High-yield imaging. Gastrointestinal / Richard M. Gore, Marc S. Levine. — 1st ed.
p. ; cm.
ISBN 978-1-4160-5544-0
1. Gastrointestinal system—Imaging—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Levine, Marc S. II. Title. III. Title: Gastrointestinal.
[DNLM: 1. Gastrointestinal Diseases—radiography. WI 141 G666h 2010]
RC804.D52G67 2010
616.3′307572—dc22 2009041680
Acquisitions Editor: Rebecca Gaertner
Developmental Editor: Timothy C. Maxwell
Publishing Services Manager: Tina Rebane
Production Manager: Amy L. Cannon
Design Direction: Steve Stave
Printed in China
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Dedication
For Margaret and our children, Diana, Elizabeth, And George

Richard M. Gore
To my beautiful wife Deborah you had me at hello

Marc S. Levine
Preface
Patients with abdominal and pelvic disease often present with a perplexing constellation of radiographic findings demonstrated on a variety of different imaging examinations. This imaging conundrum occurs on a daily basis and in the setting of increasingly busy workloads. The harried radiologist has scant time to interpret and report confusing imaging findings on abdominal imaging studies, much less review the literature or perform a rushed “Google” search to facilitate the diagnostic interpretation of such cases. As a result, these diagnostic dilemmas can become forgotten enigmas, as the radiologist moves on quickly to the next case.
The purpose of High-Yield Imaging: Gastrointestinal as one of several teaching tools in the ongoing series of High-Yield texts from Elsevier is to provide user-friendly, hardcopy and web-based resources that the practicing radiologist can use to quickly and easily confirm a suspected diagnosis or generate a reasonable differential when the diagnosis is in doubt. The text has been organized into a series of topics on virtually every pathologic condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract, including the hollow organs (pharynx, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small bowel, colon, and rectum), solid viscera (gallbladder and biliary tract, liver, pancreas, and spleen), and peritoneal cavity (peritoneum, retroperitoneum, mesentery, omentum, and abdominal wall).
Each topic contains brief, concise sections on the anatomic findings, clinical presentation, incidence/prevalence/epidemiology, imaging findings, and differential diagnosis, as well as a brief synopsis of what the referring physician needs to know. Each section is formatted as a bulleted list for rapid extraction of the relevant clinical information and imaging features of the disease by the reader. Each topic also contains several pertinent radiographs to illustrate the important imaging features. We believe this format is extremely user friendly, enabling the practicing radiologist to approach the text in a “hit and run” style for maximum information with a minimum of effort in order to better diagnose challenging cases without disrupting a busy clinical schedule.
The guiding principle of this resource is to illustrate and integrate the spectrum of abnormalities seen on all abdominal imaging studies, including conventional radiography, single-contrast and double-contrast barium studies, cholangiography, multidetector CT, ultrasonography, MRI, PET, PET/CT, and angiography.
We believe we have achieved our goal of creating a concise, well-illustrated, practical text on gastrointestinal/abdominal imaging for the busy radiologist, but, of course, we welcome your input.

Richard M. Gore, MD

Marc S. Levine, MD
Acknowledgments
We wish to gratefully acknowledge the following colleagues whose outstanding contributions to the third edition of Textbook of Gastrointestinal Radiology (Elsevier, 2008) formed the basis for many of the topics included in this text. Some of their figures from the third edition of Textbook of Gastrointestinal Radiology were also used in this work.
Contributors

Samuel Nathan Adler, MD

Stephen R. Baker, MD, MPHIL

Aparna Balachandran, MD

Dennis M. Balfe, MD

Emil J. Balthazar, MD

Stuart A. Barnard, MB, BS, MA, MRCS, FRCR

Clive Bartram, MD, FRCS, FRCP, FRCR

Genevieve L. Bennett, MD

Jonathan W. Berlin, MD, MBA

George S. Bissett, III, MD

Peyman Borghei, MD

James L. Buck, MD

Carina L. Butler, MD

Marc A. Camacho, MD, MS

Dina F. Caroline, MD, PHD

Caroline W.T. Carrico, MD

Richard I. Chen, MD

Byung Ihn Choi, MD

Howard B. Chrisman, MD

Peter I. Cooperberg, MDCM, FRCPC, FACR

Abraham H. Dachman, MD

Susan Delaney, MD, FRCPC

Gerald D. Dodd, III, MD

Ronald L. Eisenberg, MD

Sukru Mehmet Erturk, MD, PHD

Sandra K. Fernbach, MD

Julia R. Fielding, MD

Elliot K. Fishman, MD

Frans-Thomas Fork, MD, PHD

Martin C. Freund, MD

Ann S. Fulcher, MD

Emma E. Furth, MD

Helena Gabriel, MD

Ana Maria, GACA, MD

Gabriela Gayer, MD

Gary G. Ghahremani, MD, FACR

Seth N. Glick, MD

Margaret D. Gore, MD

Richard M. Gore, MD

Nicholas C. Gourtsoyiannis, MD

David Hahn, MD

Robert A. Halvorsen, MD, FACR

Nancy A. Hammond, MD

Marjorie Hertz, MD

Frederick L. Hoff, MD

Caroline L. Hollingsworth, MD, MPH

Karen M. Horton, MD

Jill E. Jacobs, MD

Werner R. Jaschke, MD, PHD

Bruce R. Javors, MD

Bronwyn Jones, MD, FRACP, FRCR

Mannudeep K. Kalra, MD

Ana L. Keppke, MD

Stanley Taeson Kim, MD

Michael L. Kochman, MD, FACP

John C. Lapps, MD

Thomas C. Lauenstein, MD

Igor Laufer, MD

Jeong Min Lee, MD

Kang Hoon Lee, MD

Marc S. Levine, MD

Russell N. Low, MD

Michael Macari, MD

Robert L. MacCarty, MD, FACR

Dean D.T. Maglinte, MD, FACR

Charles S. Marn, MD

Gabriele Masselli, MD

Alan H. Maurer, MD

Joseph Patrick Mazzie, DO

Alec J. Megibow, MD, MPH, FACR

Uday K. Mehta, MD

James M. Messmer, MD, MED

Morton A. Meyers, MD, FACR, FACG

Frank H. Miller, MD

Koenraad J. Mortele, MD

Karen A. Mourtzikos, MD

Saravanan Namasivayam, MD, DNB, DHA

Vamsi R. Narra, MD, FRCR

Rendon C. Nelson, MD

Albert A. Nemcek, JR., MD

Geraldine Mogavero Newmark, MD

Paul Nikolaidis, MD

David J. Ott, MD

Nickolas Papanikolaou, PHD

Erik K. Paulson, MD

F. Scott Pereles, MD

Christine M. Peterson, MD

Vikram A. Rao, MD

Richard D. Redvanly, MD

Pablo R. Ros, MD, MPH

Stephen E. Rubesin, MD

Sanjay Saini, MD

Riad Salem, MD, MBA

Kumaresan Sandrasegaran,