Heart Failure: A Companion to Braunwald's Heart Disease E-book , livre ebook

Heart Failure
A Companion to Braunwald’s Heart Disease
Second Edition

Douglas L. Mann, MD, FACC
Lewin Professor and Chief, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine
Cardiologist-in-Chief, Barnes Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri
Saunders
Front Matter

Heart Failure
A Companion to Braunwald’s Heart Disease
Second Edition
Douglas L. Mann, MD, FACC
Lewin Professor and Chief, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine;
Cardiologist-in-Chief, Barnes Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri
Copyright

3251 Riverport Lane
St. Louis, Missouri 63043
HEART FAILURE: A COMPANION TO BRAUNWALD’S HEART DISEASE, SECOND EDITION ISBN: 978-1-4160-5895-3
Copyright © 2011, 2004 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein).

Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions.
To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Heart failure : a companion to Braunwald's heart disease / [edited by] Douglas L. Mann. -- 2nd ed.
p. ; cm
Companion v. to: Braunwald's heart disease / edited by Peter
Libby … [et al.]. 8th ed. c2008.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4160-5895-3
1. Heart failure. I. Mann, Douglas L. II. Braunwald's heart disease.
[DNLM: 1. Heart Failure. WG 370 H43618 2010]
RC685.C53H426 2010
616.1’2--dc22 2010010218
Executive Publisher: Natasha Andjelkovic
Developmental Editor: Brad McIlwain
Publishing Services Manager: Catherine Jackson
Project Manager: Janaki Srinivasan Kumar
Design Direction: Steven Stave
Printed in United States of America
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Dedication
To my teachers and mentors, for their enduring encouragement and support, especially Dr. James W. Covell, whom I have never thanked enough, and Dr. Andrew I. Schafer, whom I can never thank enough.

Douglas L. Mann, MD, FACC
Contributors

Michael Acker, MD, Professor of Surgery, Cardiothoracic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Kirkwood F. Adams, Jr., MD, Professor of Medicine, Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina

Inder S. Anand, MD, FRCP, DPhil (Oxon), Professor of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Minnesota Medical School; Director of Heart Failure Clinic, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota

Stefan D. Anker, MD, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Applied Cachexia Research, Department of Cardiology, Charité Medical School, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research, IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy

Piero Anversa, MD, Professor of Medicine and Anesthesia, Departments of Anesthesia and Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

Catalin F. Baicu, PhD, Research Assistant Professor of Medicine, The Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina

Kenneth M. Baker, MD, Professor and Vice Chair, Department of Medicine, Division of Molecular Cardiology; Director, Mayborn Chair in Cardiovascular Research, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Temple, Texas

Rob S. Beanlands, MD, Chief, Cardiac Imaging, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Kerstin Bethmann, PhD, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany

Courtney L. Bickford, PharmD, BCSPS, Division of Pharmacy, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas

Guido Boerrigter, MD, Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Heart and Lung Research Center, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota

Roberta C. Bogaev, MD, Cardiopulmonary Transplant Service, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Texas

Robert O. Bonow, MD, Max and Lilly Goldberg Distinguished Professor of Cardiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; Co-Director, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois

Julian Booker, MD, Department of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas

Biykem Bozkurt, MD, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Cardiology Section, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Winters Center for Heart Failure Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas

Michael R. Bristow, MD, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Deparment of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, Colorado

John C. Burnett, Jr., MD, Professor of Medicine, Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Heart and Lung Research Center, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota

Daniel J. Cantillon, MD, Professor of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio

Blase A. Carabello, MD, FACC, Professor of Medicine and Vice Chairman, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine; Medical Care Line Executive, Houston Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas

Jay N. Cohn, MD, Professor of Medicine, Director, Rasmussen Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota

Wilson S. Colucci, MD, Professor of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts

Leslie T. Cooper, Jr., MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota

Lisa Costello-Boerrigter, MD, PhD, Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Heart and Lung Research Center, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota

Lori B. Daniels, MD, Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California

Reynolds M. Delgado, III, MD, Cardiopulmonary Transplant Service, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Texas

Anita Deswal, MD, MPH, Associate Professor of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Winters Center for Heart Failure Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas

Abhinav Diwan, MBBS, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Center for Pharmacogenomics and Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University and St. Louis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri

Wolfram Doehner, MD, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Center for Stroke Research, Applied Cachexia Research, Department of Cardiology, Charité University Medical School, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany

Hisham Dokainish, MD, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas

Gerald W. Dorn, II, MD, Professor of Medicine, Center for Pharmacogenomics and Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri

Helmut Drexler, MD, Professor of Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany

Arthur M. Feldman, MD, PhD, Magee Professor and Chairman, Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

G. Michael Felker, MD, MHS, Associate Professor