Fundamentals of Nursing - E-Book , livre ebook

Fundamentals of Nursing
ACTIVE LEARNING FOR COLLABORATIVE
PRACTICE
BARBARA L. YOOST, MSN, RN, CNS, CNE, ANEF
Assistant Professor
Division of Nursing
Notre Dame College
LYNNE R. CRAWFORD, MSN, RN, MBA, CNE
Retired Faculty
College of Nursing
Kent State UniversityTable of Contents
Cover image
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Contributors
Reviewers
Preface
Relevancy: Concise and Contemporary Approach
Organization: Building-Block Approach to Teaching Nursing
Technology: Powerful Tools for Teaching and Study
Pedagogical Features
Boxed Features
Nursing Skills
End-of-Chapter Features
About the Authors
Acknowledgments
Unit I Nursing Basics
Chapter 1 Nursing, Theory, and Professional Practice
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IntroductionLO 1.1 Definition of Nursing
LO 1.2 Primary Roles and Functions of the Nurse
LO 1.3 History of Nursing
LO 1.4 Nursing Theories
LO 1.5 Non-Nursing Theories with Significant Impact on Nursing
LO 1.6 Criteria for a Profession
LO 1.7 Practice Guidelines
LO 1.8 Socialization and Transformation Into Nursing
LO 1.9 Nursing Practice Licensure and Graduate Specialties
LO 1.10 Certifications and Professional Nursing Organizations
LO 1.11 Future Directions
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 2 Values, Beliefs, and Caring
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Introduction
LO 2.1 Beliefs and Values
LO 2.2 Values Conflict
LO 2.3 Beliefs, Health, and Health Care
LO 2.4 Nursing Theories of Caring
LO 2.5 Professional Caring
Behaviors That Demonstrate Caring in Nursing
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 3 Communication
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LO 3.1 The Communication Process
LO 3.2 Modes of Communication
LO 3.3 Types of Communication
LO 3.4 The Nurse–Patient Helping Relationship
LO 3.5 Factors Affecting the Timing of Patient Communication
LO 3.6 Essential Components of Professional Nursing Communication
LO 3.7 Social, Therapeutic, and Nontherapeutic Communication
LO 3.8 Defense Mechanisms
LO 3.9 Special Communication Considerations
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 4 Critical Thinking in Nursing
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Introduction
LO 4.1 Critical Thinking and Clinical Reasoning
LO 4.2 Theoretical Underpinnings of Critical Thinking
Intellectual Standards of Critical Thinking
LO 4.4 Critical-Thinking Components and Attitudes
LO 4.5 The Role of Critical Thinking in Nursing Practice
LO 4.6 Thinking Errors to Avoid
LO 4.7 Methods for Improving Critical-Thinking Skills
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Unit II Nursing Process
Chapter 5 Introduction to the Nursing Process Evolve Website
Introduction
LO 5.1 Definition of the Nursing Process
LO 5.2 Historical Development and Significance of the Nursing Process
LO 5.3 Characteristics of the Nursing Process
LO 5.4 Steps of the Nursing Process
LO 5.5 Cyclic and Dynamic Nature of the Nursing Process
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 6 Assessment
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Introduction
LO 6.1 Methods of Assessment
LO 6.2 Physical Assessment
LO 6.3 Types of Physical Assessment
LO 6.4 Data Collection
LO 6.5 Validating Data
LO 6.6 Data Organization
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 7 Nursing Diagnosis
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Introduction
LO 7.1 Nursing Diagnosis Methodology
LO 7.2 NANDA International
LO 7.3 Types of Nursing Diagnostic StatementsLO 7.4 Components of Nursing Diagnoses
LO 7.5 Steps for Identification of Accurate Nursing Diagnoses
LO 7.6 Avoiding Problems in the Diagnostic Process
LO 7.7 Application to Patient Care
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 8 Planning
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Introduction
LO 8.1 The Planning Process
LO 8.2 Prioritizing Care
LO 8.3 Goal Development
LO 8.4 Outcome Identification and Goal Attainment
LO 8.5 Care Plan Development
LO 8.6 Types of Interventions
LO 8.7 Planning Throughout Patient Care
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 9 Implementation and Evaluation
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Introduction
LO 9.1 Implementation of Nursing Care
LO 9.2 Direct Care
LO 9.3 Indirect Care
LO 9.4 Independent Nursing Interventions
LO 9.5 Dependent Nursing InterventionsLO 9.6 Documentation of Interventions
LO 9.7 Evaluation of the Nursing Care Plan
LO 9.8 Care Plan Modification and Quality Improvement
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Unit III Nursing Practice
Chapter 10 Documentation, Electronic Health Records, and Reporting
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Introduction
LO 10.1 Documentation Standards and Principles
LO 10.2 The Medical Record
LO 10.3 Nursing Documentation
LO 10.4 Confidentiality and Privacy
LO 10.5 Hand-Off Reports
LO 10.6 Verbal and Telephone Orders
LO 10.7 Incident Reports
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 11 Ethical and Legal Considerations
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Introduction
LO 11.1 Ethics and Ethical Theories
LO 11.2 Essential Concepts of Ethics in Nursing
LO 11.3 Codes of Ethics
LO 11.4 Bioethics Challenges in Health Care
LO 11.5 Legal Implications in Nursing PracticeLO 11.6 Sources of Law Impacting Professional Nursing
LO 11.7 Types of Statutory Law
LO 11.8 Professional Liability Issues
LO 11.9 Legal Issues Guiding Patient Care
LO 11.10 Laws Impacting Professional Practice
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 12 Leadership and Management
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Introduction
LO 12.1 Definitions of Leadership and Management
LO 12.2 Leadership
LO 12.3 Management
LO 12.4 Nursing Leadership Roles
LO 12.5 Delegation
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 13 Evidence-Based Practice and Nursing Research
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Introduction
LO 13.1 Definition of Nursing Research
LO 13.2 Methods of Research
LO 13.3 Components of Research
LO 13.4 Evidence-Based Practice
LO 13.5 Conducting Evidence-Based Research
LO 13.6 Implementing Research in Nursing PracticeLO 13.7 Magnet Hospital Status and the Role of Nursing Research in Practice
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 14 Health Literacy and Patient Education
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Introduction
LO 14.1 Health Literacy
LO 14.2 Role of Health Literacy in Nursing and Patient Education
LO 14.3 Types of Patient Education
LO 14.4 Domains of Learning
LO 14.5 Learning Styles
LO 14.6 Factors Affecting Health Literacy and Patient Teaching
LO 14.7 Assessment
LO 14.8 Nursing Diagnosis
LO 14.9 Planning
LO 14.10 Implementation and Evaluation
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 15 Nursing Informatics
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Introduction
LO 15.1 Definition of Informatics
LO 15.2 Technology in the Information Age
LO 15.3 Benefits of Informatics
LO 15.4 Nursing Informatics Skills and Roles
LO 15.5 Standardized TerminologiesLO 15.6 Information and Education
LO 15.7 Ethical, Legal, and Professional Practice Concerns
LO 15.8 The Future of Nursing Informatics
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 16 Health and Wellness
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Introduction
LO 16.1 The Concept of Health
LO 16.2 Health Models
LO 16.3 Health Promotion and Wellness
LO 16.4 Levels of Prevention
LO 16.5 Illness
LO 16.6 Factors Influencing Health and the Impact of Illness
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Unit IV Nursing Assessment
Chapter 17 Human Development
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Introduction
LO 17.1 Theories of Human Development
LO 17.2 Development From Conception to Birth
LO 17.3 Development during the Newborn Period
LO 17.4 Infant Development
LO 17.5 Physical, Psychosocial, and Cognitive Development of the Toddler
LO 17.6 Growth and Development during the Preschool YearsLO 17.7 Development during the School-Age Years
LO 17.8 Physical, Psychosocial, and Cognitive Development in Adolescents
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 18 Human Development
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Introduction
LO 18.1 Theories on Aging and Adult Development
LO 18.2 Physical Changes Due to Aging
LO 18.3 Young Adulthood: Ages 18 to 34
LO 18.4 Health Risks and Concerns during Young Adulthood
LO 18.5 Middle Adulthood: Ages 35 to 65
LO 18.6 Health Risks and Concerns during Middle Adulthood
LO 18.7 Older Adulthood: Age 65 and Older
LO 18.8 Health Risks and Concerns In older adulthood
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 19 Vital Signs
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Introduction
LO 19.1 Vital Sign Measurement
LO 19.2 Temperature
LO 19.3 Pulse
LO 19.4 Respirations
LO 19.5 Blood Pressure
LO 19.6 PainSkill 19-1 Measuring Body Temperature
Skill 19-2 Assessing Pulses
Skill 19-3 Assessing Respirations
Skill 19-4 Assessing Pulse Oximetry
Skill 19-5 Measuring Blood Pressure: Manual and Electronic
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 20 Health History and Physical Assessment
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Introduction
LO 20.1 Patient Interview
LO 20.2 Preparation for Physical Assessment
LO 20.3 Assessment Techniques
LO 20.4 General Survey
LO 20.5 Physical Examination
LO 20.6 Completion of the Physical Assessment
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 21 Ethnicity and Cultural Assessment
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Introduction
LO 21.1 Culture and Ethnicity
LO 21.2 Cultural Concepts
LO 21.3 Acquisition of Cultural Identity
LO 21.4 Transcultural Nursing
LO 21.4 Cultural CompetenceLO 21.5 Cultural Competence and the Nursing Process
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 22 Spiritual Health
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Introduction
LO 22.1 Spirituality
LO 22.2 Religion
LO 22.3 Spiritual Care
LO 22.4 Assessment
LO 22.5 Nursing Diagnosis
LO 22.6 Planning
LO 22.7 Implementation and Evaluation
Summary of Learning Outcomes
Review Questions
References
Chapter 23 Public Health, Community-Based, and Home Health Care
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Introduction
LO 23.1 Community Health
LO 23.2 Levels of Health Care
LO 23.3 Factors Affecting Community Health
LO 23.4 Targeted Populations in Community Health
LO 23.5 Assessment
LO 23.6 Nursing Diagnosis
LO 23.7 Planning
LO 23.8 Implementation and EvaluationSummary of Learning Outcomes
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