Fundamentals of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound E-Book , livre ebook

Fundamentals of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound
Second Edition

Jon A. Jacobson, MD
Professor of RadiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn Arbor, Michigan
Saunders
Table of Contents
Instructions for online access
Cover image
Title page
Copyright
Dedication
Preface
Acknowledgments
CINE CLIP VIDEO CONTENTS
Chapter 1: Introduction
Equipment Considerations and Image Formation
Scanning Technique
Image Appearance
Sonographic Appearances of Normal Structures
Sonographic Artifacts
Miscellaneous Ultrasound Techniques
Color and Power Doppler
Dynamic Imaging
Chapter 2: Basic Pathology Concepts
Muscle and Tendon Injury
Bone Injury
Infection
Arthritis
Myositis and Diabetic Muscle Infarction
Soft Tissue Foreign Bodies
Peripheral Nerve Entrapment
Soft Tissue Masses
Bone Masses
Chapter 3: Shoulder Ultrasound
Ultrasound Examination Technique
Rotator Cuff Abnormalities
Pitfalls in Rotator Cuff Ultrasound
Biceps Tendon
Subacromial-Subdeltoid Bursa
Glenohumeral Joint and Recesses
Glenoid Labrum and Paralabral Cyst
Greater Tuberosity
Pectoralis Major
Acromioclavicular Joint
Sternoclavicular Joint
Miscellaneous Disorders
Chapter 4: Elbow Ultrasound
Elbow Anatomy
Ultrasound Examination Technique
Joint and Bursa Abnormalities
Tendon and Muscle Abnormalities
Ligament Abnormalities
Peripheral Nerve Abnormalities
Epitrochlear Lymph Node
Chapter 5: Wrist and Hand Ultrasound
Wrist and Hand Anatomy
Ultrasound Examination Technique
Joint Abnormalities
Tendon and Muscle Abnormalities
Peripheral Nerve Abnormalities
Ligament and Osseous Abnormalities
Ganglion Cyst
Other Masses
Chapter 6: Hip and Thigh Ultrasound
Hip and Thigh Anatomy
Ultrasound Examination Technique
Joint and Bursal Abnormalities
Tendon and Muscle Abnormalities
Peripheral Nerve Abnormalities
Miscellaneous Conditions
Chapter 7: Knee Ultrasound
Knee Anatomy
Ultrasound Examination Technique
Joint Abnormalities
Tendon and Muscle Abnormalities
Ligament and Bone Abnormalities
Bursae and Cysts
Peripheral Nerve Abnormalities
Vascular Abnormalities
Chapter 8: Ankle, Foot, and Lower Leg Ultrasound
Ankle and Foot Anatomy
Ultrasound Examination Technique
Joint and Bursal Abnormalities
Tendon and Muscle Abnormalities
Ligament Abnormalities
Fracture
Peripheral Nerve Abnormalities
Masses and Cysts
Chapter 9: Interventional Techniques
Technical Considerations
Joint Procedures
Bursal Procedures
Tendon Sheath Procedures
Tendon Procedures
Miscellaneous Procedures
Examination Checklists
Index
Copyright

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FUNDAMENTALS OF MUSCULOSKELETAL ULTRASOUND, SECOND EDITION ISBN: 978-1-4557-3818-2
Copyright © 2013, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
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Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.
Library of Congress Control Number:
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Jacobson, Jon A. (Jon Arthur)
 Fundamentals of musculoskeletal ultrasound / Jon A. Jacobson.—2nd ed.
  p. ; cm.
 Includes bibliographical references and index.
 ISBN 978-1-4557-3818-2 (pbk.)
 I. Title.
 [DNLM: 1. Musculoskeletal Diseases—Ultrasonography. 2. Musculoskeletal System—Ultrasonography. 3. Ultrasonography—methods. WE 141]
 616.7′07543—dc23
2012025676
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Dedication
This book is dedicated to my wife Karen and my daughters, Erica and Marie, for their patience and support.
To my parents, Ken and Dorothy, who taught me the value of hard work.
To my residents, fellows, and technologists, who are a joy to teach.
And to my mentors, Marnix van Holsbeeck and Donald Resnick, who continue to amaze me with their knowledge and dedication.
Preface
It is my pleasure to present the second edition of the textbook, Fundamentals of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound. While constructing this edition, I was amazed at how the field of musculoskeletal ultrasound has advanced in such a short time interval from the construction of the first edition. The goal of this edition is not simply to update the content but also to inform the reader about such advances in the field. The following is a short summary of the items that are new to this updated edition.
The organization of the textbook is similar to the prior version, focused on specific joints after a brief introduction and chapter on basic pathology concepts. Given the increased role of ultrasound in imaging-guided procedures, a new chapter has been added that reviews interventional musculoskeletal ultrasound. Because ultrasound has also emerged as an important tool in the evaluation of inflammatory arthritis and peripheral nerves, content related to these two topics was increased throughout all chapters. References have also been updated and about 40% of the images are new. In addition, color images are now integrated throughout the textbook.
An exciting addition to this textbook is the availability of online material via www.ExpertConsult.com . This has allowed an increase in the number of images and content for each chapter. Consequently, Chapters 1 (Introduction) and 2 (Basic Pathology Concepts) have become Web-only chapters to allow for the expansion of other chapters and the addition of the new interventional chapter in the hard-copy version of the textbook. The use of the Web for material has also allowed the addition of over 200 ultrasound imaging cine clips, which has significant educational benefit as they simulate real-time scanning. Lastly, a complete electronic version of this textbook will be available online at www.expertconsult.com.
It has been exciting to see the popularity and number of clinical applications of musculoskeletal ultrasound increase over such a short time period. With knowledge of anatomy and pathology as seen with ultrasound and proper scanning technique, musculoskeletal ultrasound can play a significant role in the evaluation of the musculoskeletal system.

Jon Jacobson, MD
Acknowledgments
I would like to thank Philips for their support: normal ultrasound images were acquired on an iU22 ultrasound system.
CINE CLIP VIDEO CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION

Video 1-1 Anterior thigh ultrasound: linear transducer
Video 1-2 Anterior thigh ultrasound: curvilinear transducer
Video 1-3 Anisotropy: supraspinatus
Video 1-4 Anisotropy: subscapularis
Video 1-5 Anisotropy: long head of biceps brachii tendon
Video 1-6 Anisotropy: long head of biceps brachii tendon

2 BASIC PATHOLOGY CONCEPTS