Foundations and Adult Health Nursing - E-Book , livre ebook

Foundations and Adult Health Nursing
Seventh Edition
Kim Cooper, RN, MSN
Dean, School of Nursing, Ivy Tech Community College, Terre Haute, Indiana
Kelly Gosnell, RN, MSN
Associate Professor, School of Nursing, Ivy Tech Community College, Terre Haute, Indiana
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Dedication
Copyright
Acknowledgments
Contributors and Reviewers
LPN/LVN Advisory Board
To the Instructor
Organization and Standard Features
Teaching and Learning Package
To the Student
Reading and Review Tools
Additional Learning Resources
Chapter Features
Unit I Fundamentals of Nursing
Chapter 1 The Evolution of Nursing
The History of Nursing and Nursing Education
Care of the Sick during Early Civilization
Nursing Education in the Nineteenth Century
Changes in Nursing during the Twentieth Century
Significant Changes in Nursing for the Twenty-First Century
Development of Practical and Vocational Nursing
Contemporary Practical and Vocational Nursing Education
Career Advancement
Factors That Influenced Practical and Vocational Nursing
Licensure for Practical and Vocational Nursing
Health Care Delivery Systems
Delivery of Patient Care
Nursing Care Models
Contemporary Practical and Vocational Nursing Care
Practical/Vocational Nursing Defined
Objectives and Characteristics of Practical/Vocational Nursing Education
Roles and Responsibilities
Chapter 2 Legal and Ethical Aspects of Nursing
Legal Aspects of Nursing
Ethical Aspects of Nursing
Conclusion
Chapter 3 Documentation
Purposes of Patient Records
Electronic Health Record
SBAR
Basic Guidelines for Documentation
Methods of Recording
Documentation and Clinical (Critical) Pathways
Home Health Care Documentation
Long-Term Health Care Documentation
Special Issues in Documentation
Chapter 4 Communication
Overview of Communication
Styles of Communication
Establishing a Therapeutic Relationship
Communication Techniques
Factors That Affect Communication
Blocks to Communication
NURSING PROCESS
Communication in Special Situations
Conclusion
Chapter 5 Nursing Process and Critical Thinking
Assessment Data
Diagnosis
Outcomes Identification
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
Standardized Languages: NANDA-I, NIC, and NOC
Role of the Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurse
Nursing Diagnoses and Clinical Pathways
Critical Thinking
Chapter 6 Cultural and Ethnic Considerations
Culture Defined
Culturally Related Assessments
The Nursing Process and Cultural Factors
Cultural Practices of Specific Groups
Unit II Fundamentals of Clinical Practice
Chapter 7 Asepsis and Infection Control
Asepsis
Infection
Health Care-Associated Infections
Infection Prevention and Control Team
Standard Precautions
Isolation Technique
Surgical Asepsis
Cleaning, Disinfection, and Sterilization
Patient Teaching for Infection Prevention and Control
Infection Prevention and Control for Home and Hospice Settings
Nursing Process
Chapter 8 Body Mechanics and Patient Mobility
Reference
Use of Appropriate Body Mechanics
Positioning of Patients
Mobility Versus Immobility
Neurovascular Function
Performance of Range-of-Motion Exercises
Moving the Patient
Nursing Process for Patient Mobility
Chapter 9 Hygiene and Care of the Patient's Environment
Patient's Room Environment
Bathing
Components of the Patient's Hygiene
Nursing Process for Hygiene
Chapter 10 Safety
Safety in the Hospital or Health Care Environment
Workplace Safety
Fire Safety
Accidental Poisoning
Disaster Planning
Terrorism
Nursing Process for Patient Safety
Unit III Introduction to Nursing Interventions
Chapter 11 Vital Signs
Guidelines for Obtaining Vital Signs
Temperature
Auscultating with the Stethoscope
Pulse
Respiration
Blood Pressure
Height and Weight
Nursing Process
Chapter 12 Physical Assessment
Signs and Symptoms
Disease and Diagnosis
Assessment
Chapter 13 Admission, Transfer, and Discharge
Common Patient Reactions to Hospitalization
Cultural Considerations for the Hospitalized Patient or Long-Term Care Resident
Admitting a Patient
Nursing Process for Patient Admission
Transferring a Patient
Nursing Process for Patient Transfer
Discharging a Patient
Nursing Process for Patient Discharge
Chapter 14 Surgical Wound Care
Wound Classification
Wound Healing
Surgical Wound
Standard Steps in Wound Care
Care of the Incision
Complications of Wound Healing
Staple and Suture Removal
Exudate and Drainage
Bandages and Binders
Nursing Process
Chapter 15 Specimen Collection and Diagnostic Testing
Diagnostic Examination
Specimen Collection
Electrocardiography
Nursing Process for Specimen Collection and Diagnostic Testing
Chapter 16 Care of Patients Experiencing Urgent Alterations in Health
Obtaining Medical Emergency Aid
Moral and Legal Responsibilities of the Nurse
Assessment of the Emergency Situation
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
Procedures to Manage Airway Obstruction by a Foreign Body
Shock
Bleeding and Hemorrhage
Wounds and Trauma
Poisons
Drug and Alcohol Emergencies
Thermal and Cold Emergencies
Bone, Joint, and Muscle Injuries
Burn Injuries
Nursing Process
Chapter 17 Complementary and Alternative Therapies
Herbal Therapy
Chiropractic Therapy
Acupuncture and Acupressure
Therapeutic Massage
Aromatherapy
Reflexology
Magnet Therapy
Imagery
Relaxation Therapy
Animal-Assisted Therapy
Yoga
Taiji
Biofeedback
Integrative Medicine and the Nursing Role
Chapter 18 Pain Management, Comfort, Rest, and Sleep
Pain
Sleep and Rest
Chapter 19 Nutritional Concepts and Related Therapies
Role of the Nurse in Promoting Nutrition
Basic Nutrition
Life Cycle Nutrition
Medical Nutrition Therapy and Therapeutic Diets
Nutritional Support
Chapter 20 Fluids and Electrolytes
Fluids (Water)
Fluid Compartments
Intake and Output
Movement of Fluid and Electrolytes
Passive Transport
Active Transport
Acid-Base Balance
Types of Acid-Base Imbalance
Nursing Process
Chapter 21 Mathematics Review and Medication Administration
Mathematics and Dosage Calculation Review
Mathematics Review and Principles
Principles and Practice of Medication Administration
Chapter 22 Care of Patients With Alterations in Health
Delegation
Standard Steps in Selected Skills
Skills for Sensory Disorders
Skills for Heat and Cold Therapy
Skills for Respiratory Disorders
Skills for Urinary or Reproductive Tract Disorders
Skills for Gastrointestinal Disorders
Conclusion
Unit IV Nursing Care Across the Life Span
Chapter 23 Life Span Development
Health Promotion Across the Life Span
Growth and Development
The Family
Stages of Growth and Development
Chapter 24 Loss, Grief, Dying, and Death
Changes in Health Care Related to Dying and Death
Historical Overview
Loss
Grief
Nursing Process in Loss And Grief
Special Supportive Care
Issues Related to Dying and Death
The Dying Patient
The Grieving Family
Chapter 25 Health Promotion and Pregnancy
Physiology of Pregnancy
Maternal Physiology
Antepartal Assessment
Determination of Pregnancy
Antepartal Care
Preparation for Childbirth
Nursing Process for Normal Pregnancy
Chapter 26 Labor and Delivery
Birth Planning
Normal Labor
Labor and Delivery
Nursing Assessment and Interventions
Nursing Process for Normal Labor
Medical Interventions
Chapter 27 Care of the Mother and Newborn
Anatomic and Physiologic Changes of the Mother
Transfer From the Recovery Area
Nursing Assessment of and Interventions for the Mother
Maintenance of Safety
Psychosocial Assessment
Nursing Process for the Postpartum Mother
Anatomy and Physiology of the Healthy Newborn
Nursing Assessment and Interventions for the Newborn
Chapter 28 Care of the High-Risk Mother, Newborn, and Family With Special Needs
Complications of Pregnancy
Bleeding Disorders
Complications Related to Infection
Complications Related to Existing Medical Conditions
Complications Related to Age
Adoption
Contraception
Postpartum Thrombophlebitis
Complications Related to the Newborn
Complications Related to Postpartum Mental Health Disorders
Nursing Process for the Mother and Newborn at Risk
Chapter 29 Health Promotion for the Infant, Child, and Adolescent
Healthy People 2020
Dental Health
Injury Prevention
Chapter 30 Basic Pediatric Nursing Care
History of Child Care: Then and Now
Pediatric Nursing
Physical Assessment of the Pediatric Patient
Factors That Influence Growth and Development
Child Maltreatment
Hospitalization of a Child
Common Pediatric Procedures
Safety
Chapter 31 Care of the Child With a Physical and Mental or Cognitive Disorder
Physical Disorders
Mental and Cognitive Disorders
Chapter 32 Health Promotion and Care of the Older Adult
Health and Wellness in the Aging Adult
Healthy Aging
Psychosocial Concerns of the Older Adult
The Aging Body
Safety and Security Issues for Older Adults
Continuum of Older Adult Care
Unit V Fundamentals of Mental Health Nursing
Chapter 33 Concepts of Mental Health
Historical Overview
Basic Concepts Related to Mental Health
How Illness Affects Mental Health
Crisis
Application of the Nursing Process
Chapter 34 Care of the Patient With a Psychiatric Disorder
Types of Psychiatric Disorders
Treatment Methods
Application of the Nursing Process
Chapter 35 Care of the Patient With an Addictive Personality
Addiction
Stages of Dependence
Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
Drug Abuse
Chemically Impaired Nurses
Unit VI Fundamentals of Community Health Nursing
Chapter 36 Home Health Nursing
Home Health Care Defined
Historical Overview
Types of Home Care Agencies
Changes in Home Health Care
Service Components
The Typical Home He