Crisis Management in Anesthesiology E-Book , livre ebook

Crisis Management in Anesthesiology
Second Edition
David M. Gaba, MD
Associate Dean for Immersive and Simulation-based Learning, Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
Staff Anesthesiologist, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
Kevin J. Fish, MSC, MB CHB
Professor Emeritus, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
Per Diem Staff Anesthesiologist, Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
Steven K. Howard, MD
Associate Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
Staff Anesthesiologist, Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
Amanda R. Burden, MD
Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Director, Simulation Program, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, New Jersey
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Copyright
Contributors
Foreword to the Second Edition
Foreword to the First Edition
Preface
Who This Book Is For
What This Book Is About
What This Book Is Not About
What is Different About the Second Edition?
Who are the Authors
General Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments
Section I: Basic Principles of Crisis Management in Anesthesiology
Introduction
Chapter 1: Fundamentals of Dynamic Decision Making in Anesthesia
Anesthesiology, by Its Nature, Involves Crises
How Do Crises Arise?
A Model of Dynamic Decision Making in Anesthesiology
Verification
Prediction of Future States
Precompiled Responses
Metacognition, Supervisory Control, and Resource Management
Action Implementation
Reevaluation
Resource Management
Chapter 2: Principles of Anesthesia Crisis Resource Management
Resource Management Is a Crucial Skill for Anesthesia Professionals
Knowing the Environment and Available Resources
Case Management Behaviors
Managing an Immediate Catastrophe
Communication Techniques
Documentation of Crises
Follow-Up After a Major Crisis
Chapter 3: Teaching Anesthesia Crisis Resource Management
Methods to Learn the Principles of ACRM
The Role of Simulation in Teaching ACRM
Choices, Choices, Choices
Characteristics of Scenarios for Use in ACRM Training
Creating a Critical Mass of “Realism”
Characteristics of an ACRM Course
Does ACRM Work?
ACRM-like Simulation Training is a Required Element of Part IV of the U.S. Maintenance of Certification in Anesthesia Program of the American Board of Anesthesiology
Summary
Chapter 4: Debriefing
What Is Debriefing?
What Is the Role of Debriefing in Simulation-Based Learning in Health Care?
Debriefing Differs from Traditional Teaching
General Features of the Debriefing Process
Debriefing Approaches and Techniques
Teaching Debriefing to Simulation Instructors
Debriefing Assessment Tools and Other Debriefing Resources
Research on Debriefing
Conclusion
Section II: Catalog of Critical Events in Anesthesiology
Introduction
Event
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
Chapter 5: Generic Events
1 Acute Hemorrhage
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
2 Cardiac Arrest
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
3 Difficult Tracheal Intubation
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
4 Emergent (Crash) Induction of Anesthesia
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Management
Complications
5 Esophageal Intubation
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
6 High Inspired CO2
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
7 High Peak Inspiratory Pressure
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
8 Hypertension
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
9 Hypotension
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
10 Hypoxemia
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
11 Operating Room Fire
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
12 ST Segment Change
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
13 The Septic Patient
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
14 The Trauma Patient
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
Chapter 6: Cardiovascular Events
15 Acute Coronary Syndrome
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
16 Anaphylactic and Anaphylactoid Reactions
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
17 Autonomic Dysreflexia
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
18 Cardiac Tamponade
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
19 Nonlethal Ventricular Arrhythmias
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
20 Pulmonary Edema
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
21 Pulmonary Embolism
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
22 Sinus Bradycardia
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
23 Supraventricular Arrhythmias
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
24 Venous Gas Embolism
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
Chapter 7: Pulmonary Events
25 Airway Burn
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
26 Airway Rupture
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
27 Anterior Mediastinal Mass
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
28 Aspiration of Gastric Contents
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
29 Bronchospasm
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
30 Endobronchial Intubation
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
31 Epiglottitis (Supraglottitis)
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
32 Hypercarbia
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
33 Hypoxemia During One-Lung Ventilation
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
34 Massive Hemoptysis
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
35 Pneumothorax
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
36 Postoperative Stridor
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
37 Unplanned Extubation
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
Chapter 8: Metabolic Events
38 Addisonian Crisis (Acute Adrenal Insufficiency)
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
39 Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
40 Hyperkalemia
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
41 Hypoglycemia
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
42 Hypokalemia
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
43 Hyponatremia and Hypo-osmolality
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
44 Hypothermia
Definition
Etiology
Typical Situations
Prevention
Manifestations
Similar Events
Management
Complications
45 Maligna