Anterior Eye Disease and Therapeutics A-Z - E-Book , livre ebook

Table of Contents

Cover image
Front Matter
Copyright
Dedication
Condition groupings
Acknowledgements
Preface
Reviewers
Conditions guide
Management icons guide
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
K
L
M
N
O
P
R
S
T
U
V
X
Appendix A. Therapeutics
Appendix B. Laboratory investigations
Appendix C. Office procedures
Appendix D. Drug administration abbreviations
Index
Front Matter

Anterior Eye Disease and Therapeutics A-Z
2nd edition
Dr Adrian Bruce
BScOptom, PhD, FAAO
Lead optometrist at the Australian College of Optometry and Senior fellow in the Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Australia
Dr Michael Loughnan
MBBS (Hons), FRANZCO, PhD
Senior staff specialist in the Corneal Clinic, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Victoria, Australia

Sydney Edinburgh London New York Philadelphia St Louis Toronto
Copyright

Churchill Livingstone is an imprint of Elsevier
Elsevier Australia. ACN 001 002 357 (a division of Reed International Books Australia Pty Ltd)
Tower 1, 475 Victoria Avenue, Chatswood, NSW 2067
This edition © 2011 Elsevier Australia
This publication is copyright. Except as expressly provided in the Copyright Act 1968 and the Copyright Amendment (Digital Agenda) Act 2000, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted by any means (including electronic, mechanical, microcopying, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without prior written permission from the publisher.
Every attempt has been made to trace and acknowledge copyright, but in some cases this may not have been possible. The publisher apologises for any accidental infringement and would welcome any information to redress the situation.
This publication has been carefully reviewed and checked to ensure that the content is as accurate and current as possible at time of publication. We would recommend, however, that the reader verify any procedures, treatments, drug dosages or legal content described in this book. Neither the author, the contributors nor the publisher assume any liability for injury and/or damage to persons or property arising from any error in or omission from this publication.
National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

Author: Bruce, Adrian S.
Title: Anterior eye disease and therapeutics A-Z / Adrian S. Bruce; Michael S. Loughnan.
Edition: 2nd ed.
ISBN: 9780729539579 (pbk.)
Notes: Includes index.
Subjects: Anterior segment (Eye)—Diseases—Treatment.
Therapeutics, Opthalmological.
Other Authors/Contributors: Loughnan, Michael S.
Dewey Number: 617.7
Publisher: Melinda McEvoy
Developmental Editor: Rebecca Cornell
Publishing Services Manager: Helena Klijn
Project Coordinator: Geraldine Minto
Edited by Linda Littlemore
Proofread by Tim Learner
Illustrations by Rod McClean of Midland Typesetters
Design by Stan Lamond of Lamond Art & Design
Index by Forsyth Publishing Services
Typeset by Midland Typesetters
Printed by 1010 Printing International Limited
Dedication
To our families:
Cathy, James, and Lachlan
Jacinta, Daniel, Jesse, and Myles
Condition groupings

Condition groupings index [diagrams] ____________________ CG-2

Condition groupings index [tabular] ____________________ CG-3

Corneal degenerations, dystrophies, and depositions ____________________ CG-4

Corneal opacifying disorders, non-inflammatory and avascular

Eyelid – hot, tarsal ____________________ CG-5

Inflamed eyelid due to infection, allergy, or autoimmune conditions; conditions affecting the tarsal conjunctiva, particularly superiorly

Eyelid and lacrimal ____________________ CG-6

Degeneration of the eyelid, eyelashes, or lacrimal system, often causing watery eye

Iris and lens ____________________ CG-7

Lens disorders and cataract, iris dysgenesis, and tumors

Keratitis ____________________ CG-8

Corneal inflammation, with ulceration or infiltration

Keratopathy ____________________ CG-9

Non-inflammatory disease of the cornea, with deposits, opacities, or epithelial erosions, due to dessication, mechanical, toxic, or metabolic factors

Red eye – hot ____________________ CG-10

Inflamed red eye, due to infection, allergy, autoimmune, or intraocular pressure rise

Red eye – quiet ____________________ CG-11

Non-inflammatory changes to the bulbar conjunctiva with lumps, bumps, or pigment

Skin – bumps, lumps ____________________ CG-12

Non-inflammatory changes, due to degenerations or neoplasia

Surgical signs and complications ____________________ CG-13

Including operations on the cornea and crystalline lens and filtering procedures

Tear film anomaly ____________________ CG-14

Conditions affecting the aqueous, lipid, or mucous components of the tear film

Trauma ____________________ CG-15

Abrasions, burns, contusions, foreign bodies, sharp or blunt trauma

Condition groupings index [diagrams]

Condition groupings index [tabular]

Corneal degenerations, dystrophies, and depositions

Corneal degenerations and dystrophies: corneal opacifying disorders, non-inflammatory and avascular, mostly inherited, progressive, bilateral.

Eyelid – hot, tarsal

Eyelid – tarsal: conditions affecting the tarsal conjunctiva, particularly superiorly.

Eyelid – hot: inflammatory (“hot”) red eyelid due to infection, allergy, autoimmune.

Eyelid and lacrimal

Degenerative changes to eyelid anatomy or lacrimal system. Often causes watery eye.

Iris and lens

Lens disorders and cataract, iris dysgenesis, and tumors.

Keratitis

Keratitis – hot eye: corneal inflammation with corneal ulceration or infiltration with/without ocular pain, irritation, or red eye.

Keratopathy

Keratopathy: non-inflammatory disease of the cornea. Deposits, opacities, epithelial erosions. Causes: desiccation, mechanical, toxic, metabolic.

Red eye – hot

Red eye (bulbar conjunctiva) – hot: inflamed (“hot”) red eye, due to infection, allergy, autoimmune, IOP rise; may be pain, discharge, keratitis, AC reaction.

Red eye – quiet

Red eye (bulbar conjunctiva) – quiet: lumps, bumps, and pigment clumps. Non-inflamed eye: may be few symptoms except for cosmetic concern or mild foreign body sensation.

Skin – bumps, lumps

Skin – bumps, lumps: non-inflammatory eyelid skin changes due to neoplasia (benign, malignant, or metastatic) or degenerations.

Surgical signs and complications

Surgical signs and complications: including operations on the cornea and crystalline lens and filtering procedures.

Tear film anomaly

Tear film anomaly: conditions affecting the aqueous, lipid, or mucous components of the tear film.

Trauma

Trauma: abrasions, burns, contusions, foreign bodies, sharp or blunt trauma.
Acknowledgements
We thank Melinda McEvoy, Publisher for Health Professions, and Rebecca Cornell and Samantha McCulloch, Development Editors, for their enthusiasm and support in publishing this book. In addition, Geraldine Minto, the Project Coordinator, Linda Littlemore, Medical and Scientific Editor, and the Publishing Services team saw the title through to publication – no easy feat, given the highly structured, highly graphical format of the book.
Sunalie Silva, Publishing Editor, provided key support at Elsevier in creating the publishing proposal in 2009. We also appreciate the initial foresight and support for the project shown by Heidi Allen, Publishing Editor Health Professions (Sydney), and Russell Gabbedy, Medical Group Commissioning Editor (London).
Special thanks go to Melinda McEvoy and Rebecca Cornell for helping us to pioneer the online content of the book. Elsevier's Evolve website provides powerful additional content, interactive multimedia, and multiple choice test questions to assist with learning.
Michael Loughnan was the principal author of 137 of the 165 individual conditions: A-2–C-15, C-17, C-21, C-23–D-6, D-8–G-4, H-2–L-1, L-3–M-4, M-6–M-9, N-3–P-7, P-9, P-10, P-13, P-16, R-1–R-4, R-6– S-6, S-8–S-10, S-13, S-14, T-2–T-4, V-2, and V-3. Adrian Bruce was the principal author of conditions A-1, C-16, C-18–C-20, C-22, D-7, H-1, L-2, M-5, N-1, N-2, P-8, P-11, P-12, P-14, P-15, R-1, R-5, S-7, S-11, S-12, T-1, T-6–V-1, and X-1. Adrian Bruce was also the principal author of the 12 individual “Condition groupings”. The section on topical ocular medication was jointly authored. Multiple choice questions were contributed by both authors and also by Elsevier.
Jack Kanski supplied the following photographs from his landmark text, Clinical Ophthalmology : A-3, A-4, A-8, B1–B-4, B-6, B-7, C-1, C-6a,b, C-8, C-9, C-15, C-16, C-17b, C-23, C-26, C-29b, C-30a,b, C-31a–d, D-1–D3, D-6, D-7a,b, E-1–E-7, E-9, E-11, E-12, E-13, F-1, F-2, F-5, F-8, F-9, G-2–G-4, H-1–H-7, I-4, I-5, I-6, I-7, K-3, L-2, L-3, M-1, M-3–M-9, N-1–N-3, O-1, O-2, P-1, P-2, P-5, P-8, P-9, P-11, P-12, P14, P-15, R-4–R-7, S-1, S-4–S-6, S-7, S-8, S-