Advanced Techniques in Musculoskeletal Medicine & Physiotherapy - E-Book , livre ebook

Advanced Techniques in Musculoskeletal Medicine and Physiotherapy
USING MINIMALLY INVASIVE THERAPIES IN PRACTICE
Ferm n Valera Garrido PT MSc PhD
Co-director MVClinic; FREMAP Hospital, Department of Physical Therapy, Madrid, Spain
Programme Director and Professor Master's degree in Invasive Physiotherapy Techniques, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, San Pablo CEU University, Madrid, Spain
Editor, Journal of Invasive Techniques in Physical Therapy
Francisco Minaya Mu oz PT MSc PhD
Co-director MVClinic; FREMAP Hospital, Department of Physical Therapy, Madrid, Spain
Programme Coordinator and Professor Master's degree in Invasive Physiotherapy Techniques, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, San Pablo CEU University, Madrid, Spain
Associate Editor, Journal of Invasive Techniques in Physical Therapy
Translated by
Isabel Quintero
For Elsevier:
Senior Content Strategist: Rita Demetriou-Swanwick
Content Development Specialist: Nicola Lally
Project Manager: Andrew Riley
Designer/Design Direction: Miles Hitchen
Illustration Manager: Brett MacNaughton

Edinburgh London New York Oxford Philadelphia St Louis Sydney Toronto 2016
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Copyright
Dedication
Video List
Acknowledgements
Foreword to the Spanish Edition, Fisioterapia Invasiva
Foreword
Preface
Contributors
Part I Invasive Techniques in Physiotherapy and Musculoskeletal Medicine
Chapter 1 Invasive Techniques in Physiotherapy: General Concepts
1.1 Introduction
1.2 History, Education, Training and Regulation of Invasive Techniques within the Physiotherapy Profession
1.3 Safety Measures
1.4 Application Criteria
1.5 Indications and Contraindications
1.6 Complications: Accidents and Adverse Reactions
1.7 Medical Waste Management
1.8 Informed Consent
1.9 Cost-Effectiveness of Invasive Techniques
1.10 References
1.11 Appendix
Chapter 2 Needling Techniques and Modalities
2.1 Physiotherapy and Needling Techniques
2.2 Background, Concept and Characteristics of Puncture Needles
2.3 Description of the Standard Puncture Needle
2.4 Description of the Standard Syringe and Hypodermic Needle (Injection Equipment) and Procedures
2.5 Classification of Puncture Needles
2.6 Locating the Puncture Site
2.7 Needling Techniques
2.8 Application Modalities
2.9 Objectives of the Needling Techniques
2.10 Sensations Produced by the Needle Puncture
2.11 Physiological Reactions to the Needle Puncture
2.12 References
Part II Cadaver-Based Approaches in Physiotherapy
Chapter 3 Cadaver-Based Approaches in Physiotherapy
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Topographical Anatomy of the Head
3.3 Topographical Anatomy of the Neck
3.4 Topographical Anatomy of the Trunk
3.5 Topographical Anatomy of the Upper Limb
3.6 Topographical Anatomy of the Lower Limb
3.7 Acknowledgements
3.8 References
Part III Musculoskeletal Ultrasound
Chapter 4 Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Physiotherapy
4.1 Physiotherapy and Musculoskeletal Ultrasound
4.2 Scope of Practice: Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Physiotherapy Process
4.3 Evidence-Based Physiotherapy Model
4.4 Advantages
4.5 Difficulties in Implementation
4.6 Novel Applications in Musculoskeletal Ultrasound
4.7 Clinical Case
4.8 References
Chapter 5 Sonoanatomy of the Musculoskeletal System
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Ultrasound in B Mode: Ultrasound is Made Easier with the Help of Physics and Anatomy
5.3 The Doppler Effect and Its Indications in Ultrasound
5.4 Description and Anatomical-Ultrasound Correlations with the Musculoskeletal System
5.5 Artefacts
5.6 References
Chapter 6 Ultrasound Applications to Visualize and Characterize Myofascial Trigger Points and Surrounding Soft Tissue
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Myofascial Pain Syndrome
6.3 Discussion and Conclusion
6.4 Limitations
6.5 Acknowledgements
6.6 References
Chapter 7 Invasive Ultrasound-Guided Techniques in Physiotherapy
7.1 Physiotherapy and Invasive Ultrasound-Guided Techniques
7.2 Procedures for Improving Image Visualization
7.3 Procedures for Improving Identification of the Target Zone
7.4 Safety Measures in Invasive Ultrasound-Guided Techniques
7.5 Procedures for Improving Needle Visualization
7.6 Needle Approach Techniques
7.7 Artefacts
7.8 Advantages and Disadvantages of Ultrasound-Guided Procedures
7.9 Algorithm
7.10 References
Part IV Dry Needling
Chapter 8 Dry Needling of Myofascial Trigger Points
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Classification of Dry Needling and Its Modalities
8.3 Diagnostic Importance of Dry Needling
8.4 Therapeutic Effectiveness and Indications of Dry Needling
8.5 Mechanisms of Action of Dry Needling in Myofascial Trigger Points
8.6 Clinical Case
8.7 References
Chapter 9 Dry Needling for Hypertonia and Spasticity (DNHS )
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Physiopathology of Spasticity
9.3 Hypothesis of the DNHS Technique
9.4 Therapeutic Effects of the DNHS Technique
9.5 Application Methods of the DNHS Technique
9.6 Clinical Case
9.7 Acknowledgements
9.8 References
Chapter 10 Acupuncture and Needling Techniques for Segmental Dysfunction in Neuromusculoskeletal Pain
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Case Study
10.3 Distinct Neurobiology of Muscle Pain
10.4 Role of Glial Cells
10.5 Can Latent MTrPs Contribute to Central Sensitization?
10.6 Diagnosis and Implications of Spinal Segmental Sensitization in the Clinic
10.7 Dry Needling and the Local Twitch Response
10.8 Modalities and Manual Therapies
10.9 Case Study: Treatment
10.10 Conclusion
10.11 References
Part V Percutaneous Needle Tenotomy (PNT)
Chapter 11 Percutaneous Needle Tenotomy
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Tendons
11.3 Percutaneous Needle Tenotomy Goals
11.4 Percutaneous Needle Tenotomy Technique
11.5 Literature Review
11.6 Summary
11.7 References
Part VI Percutaneous Needle Electrolysis (PNE)
Chapter 12 Molecular Mechanisms of Intratissue Percutaneous Electrolysis (EPI Technique)
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Macroscopic Studies and the Molecular Mechanisms of EPI Applied to the Tendon
12.3 Molecular Mechanisms of EPI in the Muscle
12.4 References
Chapter 13 Intratissue Percutaneous Electrolysis (EPI Technique) in Tendon Injuries
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Basic Principles of Intratissue Percutaneous Electrolysis (EPI ) in Tendon Injuries
13.3 Description of the EPI Technique in Tendon Injuries
13.4 the EPI Technique Applied to Different Tendinopathies
13.5 Clinical Case
13.6 References
Chapter 14 Intratissue Percutaneous Electrolysis (EPI Technique) in Muscle Injuries
14.1 Introduction
14.2 EPI in the Muscle Tissue
14.3 Ultrasound Assessment in Interventions Using EPI
14.4 the Application of EPI in Different Muscle Injuries
14.5 Eccentric Overload Training for Muscle Regeneration
14.6 Clinical Case
14.7 References
Part VII Acupuncture
Chapter 15 Clinical Acupuncture
15.1 Introduction
15.2 From Millenary Wisdom to Scientific Evidence
15.3 Mechanisms of Action
15.4 The Clinical Correlation and Correspondence between Acupuncture Points
15.5 Notions of Bionergetics
15.6 The Acupuncture Meridians (Jing Mai)
15.7 The Acupuncture Points
15.8 The De-Qi Phenomenon
15.9 Anatomical Description of the Meridians
15.10 Lung (Hand Tai Yin)
15.11 Large Intestine (Hand Yang Ming)
15.12 Stomach (Foot Yang Ming)
15.13 Spleen (Foot Tai Yin)
15.14 Heart (Hand Shao Yin)
15.15 Small Intestine (Hand Tai Yang)
15.16 Bladder (Foot Tai Yang)
15.17 Kidney (Foot Shao Yin)
15.18 Pericardium (Hand Jue Yin)
15.19 Triple Burner/Sanjiao (Hand Shao Yang)
15.20 Gall Bladder (Foot Shao Yang)
15.21 Liver (Foot Jue Yin)
15.22 Conception Vessel (Ren Mai)
15.23 Governing Vessel (Du Mai)
15.24 Description of the Technique: Treatment Model Using the Tendinomuscular Meridians
15.25 Clinical Case
15.26 References
Chapter 16 Electroacupuncture
16.1 Introduction to Electroacupuncture and acu-TENS
16.2 Mechanism of Action
16.3 Description of the Technique
16.4 Clinical Case
16.5 References
Part VIII Mesotherapy
Chapter 17 Mesotherapy in the Musculoskeletal System
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Objectives of Mesotherapy
17.3 Structure of the Skin
17.4 Mechanism of Action
17.5 Materials
17.6 Contraindications and Side Effects
17.7 The Mesotherapy Technique
17.8 Medication Used in Mesotherapy
17.9 Mesotherapy Protocols in Musculoskeletal Pathology
17.10 Mesotherapy in Other Branches of Medicine
17.11 Scientific Evidence
17.12 Clinical Case
17.13 References
Part IX Injection Therapy
Chapter 18 Injection Therapy for Physiotherapists
18.1 Introduction
18.2 The Drugs
18.3 Potential Side Effects
18.4 Safety
18.5 Injection Protocol
18.6 Local Anaesthetics
18.7 Dosages
18.8 Volumes
18.9 Co