Adrenal Cortical Neoplasia, An Issue of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America , livre ebook

Clinics Review Articles ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
Adrenal Cortical Neoplasia

Alice C. Levine, MD
Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
ISSN  0889-8529 Volume 44 • Number 2 • June 2015
Elsevier
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Copyright
Contributors
Consulting Editor
Editor
Authors
Forthcoming Issues
Forthcoming Issues
Recent Issues
Foreword: Adrenal Cortical Neoplasia
Preface: Genetics and the Clinical Approach to Adrenal Cortical Neoplasia: Connecting the Dots
Development of Adrenal Cortex Zonation
Key points
Fetal and early adult development of the adrenal cortex
Structure and function of the adult adrenal cortex
Defects in cortical zonal development
Adrenal Steroidogenesis and Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Key points
Adrenal steroidogenesis
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Summary and future directions
Animal Models of Adrenocortical Tumorigenesis
Key points
Introduction
Comparative anatomy and physiology of the adrenal cortex
Mice as models of adrenocortical neoplasia
Ferrets as models of adrenocortical neoplasia
Dogs as models of adrenocortical neoplasia
Summary
The Genetics of Adrenocortical Tumors
Key points
Introduction
Genetics of bilateral adrenocortical tumors
Cortisol-secreting adenomas
Adrenocortical cancer
Summary
Adrenal Incidentalomas
Key points
Definition
Epidemiology
Clinical evaluation
Radiological characteristics
Biochemical evaluation and management implications
Summary
Primary Aldosteronism
Key points
Introduction and disease prevalence
Pathophysiology and genetics
Screening and confirmation of disease
Localization of disease
Surgical versus medical management and treatment outcomes
Summary
Adrenal Mild Hypercortisolism
Key points
Introduction
Is subclinical Cushing syndrome really subclinical?
Frequency of incidentalomas and mild hypercortisolism
Defining mild hypercortisolism
Mild hypercortisolism: associated comorbidities
Metabolic syndrome
Osteoporosis
Cardiovascular disease
Treatment of mild hypercortisolism
Summary
Management of Adrenal Tumors in Pregnancy
Key points
Introduction
Summary
Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Key points
Introduction
Clinical and histopathological features of adrenocortical carcinoma
Immunohistochemical markers in adrenocortical carcinoma
Genetic or molecular aspects in adrenocortical carcinoma
MicroRNA profiles in adrenocortical carcinoma
Endocrine features of adrenocortical carcinoma
Aldosterone-producing adrenocortical carcinoma
Cortisol-producing adrenocortical carcinoma
Androgen-producing adrenocortical carcinoma
Estrogen-producing adrenocortical carcinoma
Immunohistochemical evaluation of functional adrenocortical carcinoma
Summary and future prospective
Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Key points
Characterization before therapy
Prognosis: toward prognostic risk stratification
Treatment
Control of hormone-related symptoms
Control of tumor growth
Surgery
Locoregional guided therapy
Radiotherapy
Mitotane therapy
Cytotoxic chemotherapy
Molecular targeted therapies
Predictors and surrogate markers of response
Predictors of response
Surrogates of response
Future strategies for developing treatments against adrenocortical carcinoma
Surgical Management of Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Key points
Introduction
Molecular pathogenesis
Presentation
Diagnostic tools and differentiation between benign and malignant adrenocortical tumors
Treatment
Pathology and staging
Postoperative management
Prognosis
Summary
Index
Copyright
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ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA Volume 44, Number 2
June 2015 ISSN 0889-8529, ISBN 13: 978-0-323-38884-9
Editor: Jessica McCool
Developmental Editor: Meredith Clinton
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Contributors

Consulting Editor
DEREK LEROITH, MD, PhD
Director of Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York

Editor
ALICE C. LEVINE, MD
Professor of Medicine; Co-Director of the Adrenal Center, The Hilda and J. Lester Gabrilove Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York

Authors
ABIR AL GHUZLAN, MD
Department of Pathology, Gustave Roussy, Universi