Human Rights in the Maya Region , livre ebook

390

pages

English

Ebooks

2008

Écrit par
Pedro Pitarch; Editor

Publié par
Duke University Press

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390

pages

English

Ebooks

2008

Lire un extrait

Obtenez un accès à la bibliothèque pour le consulter en ligne En savoir plus

Publié par

Duke University Press

Date de parution

05 décembre 2008

Nombre de lectures

EAN13

9780822389057

Langue

English

Poids de l'ouvrage

1 Mo

In recent years Latin American indigenous groups have regularly deployed the discourse of human rights to legitimate their positions and pursue their goals. Perhaps nowhere is this more evident than in the Maya region of Chiapas and Guatemala, where in the last two decades indigenous social movements have been engaged in ongoing negotiations with the state, and the presence of multinational actors has brought human rights to increased prominence. In this volume, scholars and activists examine the role of human rights in the ways that states relate to their populations, analyze conceptualizations and appropriations of human rights by Mayans in specific localities, and explore the relationship between the individualist and "universal" tenets of Western-derived concepts of human rights and various Mayan cultural understandings and political subjectivities.The collection includes a reflection on the effects of truth-finding and documenting particular human rights abuses, a look at how Catholic social teaching validates the human rights claims advanced by indigenous members of a diocese in Chiapas, and several analyses of the limitations of human rights frameworks. A Mayan intellectual seeks to bring Mayan culture into dialogue with western feminist notions of women's rights, while another contributor critiques the translation of the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights into Tzeltal, an indigenous language in Chiapas. Taken together, the essays reveal a broad array of rights-related practices and interpretations among the Mayan population, demonstrating that global-local-state interactions are complex and diverse even within a geographically limited area. So too are the goals of indigenous groups, which vary from social reconstruction and healing following years of violence to the creation of an indigenous autonomy that challenges the tenets of neoliberalism.Contributors: Robert M. Carmack, Stener Ekern, Christine Kovic, Xochitl Leyva Solano, Julian Lopez Garcia, Irma Otzoy, Pedro Pitarch, Alvaro Reyes, Victoria Sanford, Rachel Sieder, Shannon Speed, Rodolfo Stavenhagen, David Stoll, Richard Ashby Wilson

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Publié par

Duke University Press

Date de parution

05 décembre 2008

EAN13

9780822389057

Langue

English

Poids de l'ouvrage

1 Mo

H U M A N R I G H T ST H E I N M A Y A R E G I O N

H U M A N R I G H T SI N T H ER E G I O NY A M A

Global Politics, Cultural Contentions,

and Moral Engagements

E D I T E D B YP I TA R C H , P E D R O

S H A N N O N S P E E D ,A N D

X O C H I T L L E Y VA S O L A N O

Duke University Press

Durham and London 2008

∫2008 Duke University Press

Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper$

Typeset in Minion Pro by Keystone Typesetting, Inc.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data appear on the last printed page of this book.

Contents

Abbreviations

Introduction

vii

ShannonSpeedandXochitlLeyvaSolano

PA R T 1 : G L O B A L P O L I T I C S A N D N AT I O N - S TAT E S

1. Cultural Rights and Human Rights: A Social Science Perspective RodolfoStavenhagen27

2. Perspectives on the Politics of Human Rights in Guatemala RobertM.Carmack51

3. Legal Globalization and Human Rights: Constructing the Rule of Law in Postconﬂict Guatemala? RachelSieder67

PA R T 2 : C U LT U R A L C O N T E N T I O N S

4. The Labyrinth of Translation: A Tzeltal Version of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights PedroPitarch91

5. Are Human Rights Destroying the Natural Balance of All Things? The Di≈cult Encounter between International Law and Community Law in Mayan Guatemala StenerEkern123

6. ‘‘Here It’s Di√erent’’: The Ch’orti’ and Human Rights Training JuliánLópezGarcía145

7. Indigenous Law and Gender Dialogues IrmaOtzoy171

8. Human Rights, Land Conﬂicts, and Memory of the Violence in the Ixil Country of Northern Quiché DavidStoll187

PA R T 3 : P O L I T I C A L E N G A G E M E N T S

9. Global Discourses on the Local Terrain: Human Rights in Chiapas ShannonSpeedandXochitlLeyvaSolano207

10. Breaking the Reign of Silence: Ethnography of a Clandestine Cemetery VictoriaSanford233

11. Rights of the Poor: Progressive Catholicism and Indigenous Resistance in Chiapas ChristineKovic257

12. ‘‘Asumiendo Nuestra Propia Defensa’’: Resistance and the Red de Defensores Comunitarios in Chiapas ShannonSpeedandAlvaroReyes279

Final Comments Making Rights Meaningful for Mayas: Reﬂections on Culture, Rights, and Power RichardAshbyWilson305

References

323

Contributors

Index

361

viC O N T E N T S

357

Abbreviations

a d r, alternative dispute resolution a i d p i, Accord on the Identity and Rights of Indigenous People a s i e s, Research and Social Sciences Association c a j, justice administration center c a l d h, Center for Legal Action and Human Rights c d h f b c, Fray Bartolomé de Las Casas Human Rights Center c d l i, Committee for the Defense of Indigenous Liberty c e d aw, United Nations Convention for the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women c e d h, State Human Rights Commission c e d i a c, Center for Indigenous Rights c e h, Commission for Historical Clariﬁcation c e r j, Runujel Junam Counsel of Ethnic Communities c m d p d h, Mexican Commission for the Defence and Promotion of Human Rights c n d h, National Human Rights Commission c o a o, Coalition of Autonomous Organizations of Ocosingo c o c o pa, Peace and Harmony Commission c o d a i f, Diocesan Committee on Aid to Border Immigrants

c o d h e y, Human Rights Commission of Yucatán c o d i m u j, Diocesan Coordination of Women c o n a p o, National Council of Population and Housing c o n av i g ua, National Committee of Guatemalan Widows c o n i c, National Indigenous and Campesino Coalition c o n pa z, Coordination of Nongovernmental Organizations for Peace c p p, Penal Procedures Code c p r, Communities of Population in Resistance c r c, United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child c r i a c h, Counsel of Indigenous Representatives of the Chiapas Highlands c u c, Committee for Peasant Unity d e m i, O≈ce for the Defense of Indigenous Women e g p, Guerrilla Army of the Poor e z l n, Zapatista Army of National Liberation fa f g, Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology Foundation f i d h, International Federation for the Rights of Man f i s, Fund for Social Investment f g l, Local Guerrilla Force f r g, Guatemalan Republican Front f r i, Immediate Response Force g a m, Mutual Support Group g a n a, Grand National Alliance (Guatemala) i a c h r, Inter-American Court of Human Rights i d b, Inter-American Development Bank i d i e s, Institute of Economic and Social Research i fa d, International Fund for Agricultural Development i i d h, Inter-American Institute of Human Rights i l o, International Labor Organization i n a b, National Forestry Agency i n g uat, Guatemalan Institute of Tourism i n m e c a f e, Mexican Co√ee Institute

viiiA B B R E V I AT I O N S

m i n e d u c, Department of Education (Guatemala) m i n u g ua, United Nations Veriﬁcation Mission in Guatemala m i r a, Anti-Zapatista Indigenous Revolutionary Movement n a f ta, North American Free Trade Agreement o a s, Organization of American States pa c, Civil Self-Defense Patrols pa n, National Action Party (Mexico) pa n, National Progress Party (Guatemala) p d h, Human Rights Ombudsman p n c, National Civil Police (Guatemala) p r d, Revolutionary Democratic Party (Mexico) p r i, Revolutionary Institutional Party (Mexico) r e m h i, Interdiocesene Project for the Recuperation of Historical Memory s e g e p l a n, Planning and Programming Secretariat of the Presidency s i pa z, International Service for Peace u c j, Earth Tree Water u n d p, United Nations Development Programme u n e s c o, United Nations Educational, Scientiﬁc and Cultural Organization u r n g, Revolutionary National Unity of Guatemala u s a i d, United States Agency for International Development

A B B R E V I AT I O N Six

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