American Dietetic Association Guide to Eating Right When You Have Diabetes , livre ebook

American Dietetic Association Guide to Eating Right When You Have Diabetes
American Dietetic Association Guide to Eating Right When You Have Diabetes
Maggie Powers, M.S., R.D., C.D.E .
Copyright 2003 by Maggie Powers. All rights reserved
Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey
Published simultaneously in Canada
Design and production by Navta Associates, Inc.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:
Powers, Maggie.
American Dietetic Association guide to eating right when you have diabetes / Maggie Powers.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-471-44222-4 (paper : alk. paper)
1. Diabetes-Diet therapy.
[DNLM: 1. Diabetic Diet-Popular Works. 2. Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent-prevention control-Popular Workds. 3. Dietary Carbohydrates-Popular Works. 4. Dietary Supplements-Popular Works. WK 818 P888a 2003] I. Title: Guide to eating right when you have diabetes. II. American Dietetic Association. III. Title.
RC662 .P688 2003
616.4 620654-dc21
2002014018
Printed in the United States of America
This book is dedicated to my mother-Peg Nickels-who has type 2 diabetes and right before her eightieth birthday switched from diabetes pills to four injections of insulin a day. Her spirit, kindness, and take-it-as-it-comes attitude are truly an inspiration.
Contents
Acknowledgments
Introduction
PART ONE
Understanding Diabetes
1 Planning for Success
2 Understanding Diabetes
PART TWO
Starting Your Food Plan
3 Keeping a Food Diary
4 Designing Your Food Plan
5 Making Quick and Easy Meals
PART THREE
Key Aspects of Diabetes Care
6 Using Blood Glucose Records
7 Staying Active
8 Losing Weight
9 Preventing Low Blood Glucose
PART FOUR
Knowing What s in Food
10 Mastering Carbohydrates
11 Understanding Protein
12 Learning about Fats
13 Examining Vitamins, Minerals, and Other Dietary Supplements
PART FIVE
Planning Your Meals
14 Discovering Carbohydrate Counting
15 Using the Exchange System
PART SIX
Tips for Choosing Foods
16 Enjoying Meals Away from Home
17 Reading and Using Food Labels
Appendixes
Appendix A Finding a Nutrition Expert and Other Diabetes Resources
Appendix B Preventing Type 2 Diabetes
Appendix C Your Food Diary
Appendix D Food Exchange Lists
Appendix E Fast Food Restaurant Guide
Appendix F Ethnic Food Guide
Appendix G Glycemic Index Guide
Index
Acknowledgments
Thank you to all who were involved in the many aspects of writing this book, including: Those who may not even know they contributed-the many people who live with diabetes every day, the health professionals who provide diabetes care and influence me by the things they do every day, and the lady on the plane whose mom has diabetes-all touch me many ways. Those at the American Dietetic Association who contributed to the initiation and development of this book, especially Laura Brown, Diana Faulhaber, Anne Coghill, June Zaragoza, and Deborah McBride. Those at John Wiley Sons, Inc., for their commitment to publishing this book, along with their insights, and vision for making it a terrific resource to all who live with diabetes, especially Elizabeth Zack, Linda Schonberg, and Lisa Burstiner. Kimberly Rinderknecht and Melissa Fredricks, who designed the menus and did the nutrient analysis; Ellen Tani, who did statistical research; and Sue Narayan, who provided editorial reviews. Expert reviewers Connie Crawley and Sandy Gillespie for their insightful comments and thoughtful reviews that helped shape and sharpen each chapter. Special friends and colleagues Mary Austin and Karmeen Kulkarni for being there with support and reviewer expertise through each phase of this exciting adventure. Many colleagues and friends who inspire me to pursue quality and balance in my life. And, of course, my husband and children, who accept me delving into exciting projects, give me encouragement, listen, and help me find better ways to explain things. A special thank you to Mike, Jessica, Colin, and Martin.
Introduction
What can I eat? If you have diabetes you probably think about this question a lot. In fact, it is the most common question that people with diabetes ask.
This book answers this question and many others related to food and diabetes. It is your daily guide in caring for your diabetes.
The theme of this book is that every person with diabetes is an individual first who happens to have diabetes. This means that the foods you like to eat and the schedule you like to keep are the foundation of your diabetes care plan. Throughout the book you will be guided in making decisions that fit your particular situation. The book will encourage you to set goals that are meaningful to you and give you confidence in your choices.
You gain confidence and control of your daily decisions when you know how food affects your blood glucose. Each section of the book will help you know more about how food affects your blood glucose.
Part One, Understanding Diabetes, talks about setting goals that are important and meaningful to you, what diabetes is, and how the different types are treated. It moves you through the beginning discussions about what foods you like to eat, different types of food plans, and establishing your own food plan. It includes a whole week of menus to get you started or to give you a break from planning meals.
Part Two, Key Aspects of Diabetes Care, explains why blood glucose monitoring, being active, losing weight, and preventing low blood glucose levels are usually the important initial subjects of discussion when someone has diabetes. These chapters give you information so you can personalize diabetes and food decisions to fit your needs.
Part Three, Knowing What s in Food, is an interesting section about why we need a variety of food and how different amounts of food affect our blood glucose levels and our nutrient needs. Controlling blood fats and blood pressure are highlighted in this section because they are an important part of diabetes care and are affected by the food you eat.
Part Four, Planning Your Meals, takes you to more specific steps in choosing your foods. The traditional Exchange System is explained, as is the widely used Carbohydrate Counting method of meal planning. Even if you opt to use one of the other food planning guidelines described in the first section, these two chapters will give you insight into making food choices and planning meals.
Part Five, Tips for Choosing Foods, adds a little bit extra about everyday situations that affect your food choices. From how to read a food label to how to adjust your food plan when you eat late, you will find lots of tips to boost your everyday comfort in choosing foods.
The appendixes add further tips and guides for finding a dietitian and making food decisions. This book is packed with a lot of information and details about diabetes and food and is written with the authority of the American Dietetic Association, so there s a lot of excellent information about how to manage your diabetes effectively through the right food choices. But you will also need a diabetes care team. A dietitian is a key member of your team who has food and nutrient information readily available, can help you find your personal diabetes balance with the food you like to eat, and will guide and support you in achieving your diabetes goals.
May you find great comfort in making food choices and success in achieving your goals.
PART ONE
Understanding Diabetes
CHAPTER 1
Planning for Success
The most challenging aspect of diabetes care for many people is making food choices. This includes knowing what to eat, when to eat, how much to eat, and how to prepare food. It also includes knowing how to adjust food intake when blood glucose is high or low, when physically active, when traveling, when sick, and during other situations. This book will be your guide in making these types of decisions-it will help you plan for success.
This book will serve as your map for making food choices. It is like the maps we use for driving, especially when going to new or unfamiliar places. After you have driven to a place several times it gets eas