Ken Schultz's Field Guide to Saltwater Fish , livre ebook

Table of Contents
 
Title Page
Copyright Page
Introduction
An Overview of Fish
FISH
Fish Anatomy
Size
Form
Scales
Coloration
Fins and Locomotion
Speed
Air Bladder
Skeleton and Muscles
Teeth, Food, and Digestion
Gills and Breathing
Blood Circulation
Senses and Nerves
Reproduction
Age and Growth
Migration
 
Species
 
Albacore
Alewife
Amberjack, Greater
Amberjack, Lesser
Anchovies
Angelfish, Queen
Barracuda, Great
Barracuda, Pacific
Bass, Kelp (Calico)
Bass, Striped
Batfish
Bluefish
Blue Tang
Bocaccio
Bonefish
Bonito, Atlantic
Bonito, Pacific
Bream, Sea
Bumper
Butterfish
Capelin
Catfish, Gafftopsail
Chub, Bermuda
Cobia
Cod, Atlantic
Cod, Pacific
Coney
Corbina, California
Corvina
Croaker, Atlantic
Croaker, Spotfin
Croaker, White
Croaker, Yellowfin
Cutlassfish
Dogfish, Spiny
Dolphin, Common
Dolphin, Pompano
Drum, Black
Drum, Red
Eel, American Conger
Eels, Moray
Eels, Snake
Eulachon
Flounder, Gulf
Flounder, Southern
Flounder, Starry
Flounder, Summer
Flounder, Winter
Flyingfish
Gag
Goosefish
Graysby
Grouper, Black
Grouper, Goliath
Grouper, Nassau
Grouper, Red
Grouper, Warsaw
Grouper, Yellowfin
Grunion, California
Grunt, Bluestriped
Grunt, French
Grunt, White
Guaguanche
Guitarfish, Atlantic
Haddock
Hagfish
Hake, Pacific
Hake, Red
Hake, Silver
Halfbeaks and Balao
Halibut, Atlantic
Halibut, California
Halibut, Pacific
Herring
Herring, Atlantic
Herring, Pacific
Hind, Red
Hind, Rock
Jack, Almaco
Jack, Bar
Jack, Crevalle
Jack, Pacific Crevalle
Jack, Horse-eye
Jack, Yellow
Killifish
Ladyfish
Lingcod
Lookdown
Lumpfish
Mackerel, Atlantic
Mackerel, Cero
Mackerel, Frigate
Mackerel, King
Mackerel, Pacific Jack
Mackerel, Pacific Sierra
Mackerel, Spanish
Marlin, Blue
Marlin, Striped
Marlin, White
Menhaden, Atlantic
Milkfish
Mojarra
Mullet
Needlefish
Opaleye
Palometa
Perch, Silver
Perch, White
Permit
Pigfish
Pilotfish
Pinfish
Pollock
Pompano, African
Pompano, Florida
Porgies
Porgy, Jolthead
Queenfish (Croaker)
Rays and Skates
Remoras
Rockfish
Rockfish, Black
Rockfish, Copper
Rockfish, Yelloweye
Roosterfish
Runner, Blue
Runner, Rainbow
Sailfish
Salmon, Atlantic
Salmon, Chinook
Salmon, Chum
Salmon, Coho
Salmon, Pink
Salmon, Sockeye
Sanddab, Longfin
Sanddab, Pacific
Sand Lance
Sardine, Pacific
Sargo
Sauries
Scorpionfish, California
Sculpin
Scup
Sea Bass, Black
Sea Bass, Giant
Seabass, White
Sea Robin
Seatrout, Sand
Seatrout, Silver
Seatrout, Spotted
Sennets
Shad, Alabama
Shad, American
Shad, Hickory
Sharks
Shark, Atlantic Angel
Shark, Basking
Shark, Blacktip
Shark, Blue
Shark, Bonnethead
Shark, Bull
Sharks, Hammerhead
Shark, Lemon
Shark, Leopard
Shark, Porbeagle
Shark, Sandbar
Shark, Sand Tiger
Sharks, Sharpnose
Shark, Shortfin Mako
Sharks, Thresher
Shark, Tiger
Shark, White
Sheephead, California
Sheepshead
Silversides
Skipjack, Black
Sleepers
Smelt
Smelt, Rainbow
Snapper, Cubera
Snapper, Gray
Snapper, Lane
Snapper, Mutton
Snapper, Pacific Cubera
Snapper, Red
Snapper, Yellowtail
Snook
Snook, Common
Sole, Petrale
Spadefish
Spearfish, Longbill
Spearfish, Shortbill
Spot
Steelhead
Sturgeon, Atlantic
Sturgeon, White
Sunfish, Ocean
Surfperch
Swordfish
Tarpon
Tautog
Tilefish
Tomcod, Atlantic
Tomcod, Pacific
Tomtate
Tope
Torpedo, Atlantic
Triggerfish
Tripletail
Tuna, Bigeye
Tuna, Blackfin
Tuna, Bluefin
Tuna, Skipjack
Tuna, Yellowfin
Tunny, Little
Wahoo
Weakfish
Wolffish
Wreckfish
Yellowtail
 
Glossary

This book is printed on acid-free paper.

  Copyright © 2004 by Ken Schultz. All rights reserved
 
Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey
Published simultaneously in Canada
 
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:
 
Schultz, Ken.
Ken Schultz’s field guide to saltwater fish / by Ken Schultz.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 0-471-44995-4 (Cloth)
1. Marine fishes—North America. 2. Marine fishes—North America—Identification. I. Title: Field guide to saltwater fish. II. Title.
QL625.S42 2004
597.177—dc22
2003015773
 

 
Introduction
This guide is derived from the widely praised and award-winning volume Ken Schultz’s Fishing Encyclopedia. Weighing nearly 10 pounds and containing 1,916 pages of information in an 8.5- by 11-inch format, it is hardly a book that can be taken afield or casually perused.
Among the many virtues of the encyclopedia is its detailed information about prey and predator species worldwide, which many people—including numerous lure designers, scientific researchers, and anglers—find very valuable and which is available nowhere else. To make it easier for people interested in the major North American fish species to reference this subject matter, that portion of the encyclopedia was excerpted into two compact and portable guides, Ken Schultz’s Field Guide to Freshwater Fish and Ken Schultz’s Field Guide to Saltwater Fish.
These books are primarily intended for the angler, placing major emphasis on gamefish species (nearly 260) sought in the fresh- and saltwaters of Canada, the United States, and Mexico, and on the prey species that most gamefish use for forage. Although many hundreds of species are included here, such compact books lack room for detailed information about many of the lesser species; however, they are well represented in the information that exists under certain groupings. For example, there are more than 300 species of “minnows” in North America, and much of what is said about them as a group in the freshwater guide pertains to the majority of individuals. Profiles are provided, nonetheless, of some of the more prominent members of this group.
The same is true for some larger, more well-known groups of fish, like sharks. There are at least 370 species of sharks worldwide and dozens in North America. The saltwater guide provides an overview of this group, as well as specific information about the most prominent North American members. And, of course, color illustrations help identify the individual species profiled.
There is a slight but deliberate content overlap in both books, as some species occur in both freshwater and saltwater. This is primarily true for anadromous fish like salmon, shad, and striped bass. However, a few saltwater species, such as snook, mullet, and ladyfish, are known to move into freshwater for part of their lives, even though they are not technically anadromous, and thus are also represented in both volumes. In this sense, certain species were included in both books for practical reasons, as opposed to purely scientific ones.
At the end of the book is a glossary that explains the terms used in the species profiles, and following this introduction are two chapters of information invaluable to anyone who desires to know more about fish in a broad general sense. The Overview and the Fish Anatomy chapters are written in layman’s terms and provide concise information about fish that is useful to the angler, the naturalist, and even the aquarium hobbyist—all of whom share a passion and a concern for some of the most remarkable creatures on the planet.
An Overview of Fish

FISH
The term “fish” is applied to a class of animals that includes some 21,000 extremely diverse species. Fish can be roughly defined (and there are a few exceptions) as cold-blooded creatures that have backbones, live in water, and have gills. The gills enable fish to “breathe” underwater, without drawing oxygen from the atmosphere. This is the primary difference between fish and all other vertebrates. Although such vertebrates as whales and turtles live in wate