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Cultural Exchanges between Brazil and France
Comparative Cultural Studies Steven Tötösy de Zepetnek, Series Editor

The Purdue University Press monograph series of Books in Comparative Cultural Studies publishes single-authored and thematic collected volumes of new scholarship. Manuscripts are invited for publication in the series in fields of the study of culture, literature, the arts, media studies, communication studies, the history of ideas, etc., and related disciplines of the humanities and social sciences to the series editor via e-mail at < clcweb@purdue.edu >. Comparative cultural studies is a contextual approach in the study of culture in a global and intercultural context and work with a plurality of methods and approaches; the theoretical and methodological framework of comparative cultural studies is built on tenets borrowed from the disciplines of cultural studies and comparative literature and from a range of thought including literary and culture theory, (radical) constructivism, communication theories, and systems theories; in comparative cultural studies focus is on theory and method as well as application. For a detailed description of the aims and scope of the series including the style guide of the series link to < http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/clcweblibrary/seriespurdueccs >. Manuscripts submitted to the series are peer reviewed followed by the usual standards of editing, copy editing, marketing, and distribution. The series is affiliated with CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture (ISSN 1481-4374), the peer-reviewed, full-text, and open-access quarterly published by Purdue University Press at < http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/clcweb >.
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Regina R. Félix and Scott D. Juall, eds., Cultural Exchanges between Brazil and France
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Cultural Exchanges between Brazil and France
Edited by Regina R. Félix and Scott D. Juall
Purdue University Press West Lafayette, Indiana
Copyright 2016 by Purdue University. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
Cataloging-in-Publication Data available from the Library of Congress.
Cover image by Laura Michelino, a Brazilian artist based in Paris.
Contents
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Part 1: Early French Visions and Revisions of Brazil
Chapter 1 Representing the Tupinambá and the Brazilwood Trade in Sixteenth-Century Rouen Amy J. Buono
Chapter 2 The Myth of the Noble Frenchman and the Politics of Friendship and Enmity in Sixteenth-Century Brazil Luciana Villas Bôas
Chapter 3 The “Other” Brazil of Léry and Lévi-Strauss Susan L. Rosenstreich
Chapter 4 Bernardin’s L’Amazone as a Post-Enlightenment Brazilian Utopia Christophe Ippolito
Part 2: French Ideological Moves in Brazil
Chapter 5 Critical Transfers between Brazil and France and the Nineteenth-Century Press André Caparelli
Chapter 6 Fora da ordem , or on Time and Travel in Cunha and Lévi-Strauss Javier Uriarte
Chapter 7 The French University Mission to Brazil, Racial Theory, and the Formation of a New Social Science Paradigm Andrew R. Dausch
Part 3: Reciprocal Transformations between Brazil and France
Chapter 8 Brazilian Bandidos after French Antiheroes Maryam Monalisa Gharavi
Chapter 9 Niemeyer’s Headquarters for the French Communist Party, 1965-1980 Vanessa Grossman
Chapter 10 Ayrton Senna, Alain Prost, and the Specter of Death Bécquer Medak-Seguín
Chapter 11 Neto’s Leviathan Thot in the Panthéon, a Phallocentric Performing Theater Samantha E. Wilson
Part 4: Thematic Bibliography
Bibliography for the Study of Cultural Exchanges between Brazil and France
Index
Acknowledgments
The editors extend immense gratitude to the contributors to this volume for their enthusiastic engagements with the important emerging field of Brazil-France cultural exchanges. We are also grateful to Steven Tötösy de Zepetnek, editor of CLCWeb and series editor of Books in Comparative Cultural Studies by Purdue University Press, for his guidance during the editing of this volume. We thank Dianna Gilroy and other members of the editorial board at the press, as well as the anonymous reviewer of the volume, for providing insightful commentaries. Finally, we express much appreciation to our colleagues Denise DiPuccio, Raymond Burt, and Michelle Scatton-Tessier for their encouragement and support.
Introduction to Cultural Exchanges between Brazil and France
Regina R. Félix and Scott D. Juall
Cultural Exchanges between Brazil and France addresses enduring interactions between Brazil and France that have been evoked in the appeal of the Brazilian all-natural je ne sais quoi that has long captivated the French and the ingenuity of artistic and scholarly movements formulated à francesa that have interested Brazilians. Exchanges between Brazil and France have existed for several centuries through geographical and cultural explorations that have been frequently complementary but also intermittently clashing. The volume begins by evaluating accounts of the earliest French interventions in Brazil and develops into revealing the growing effects that the nations have exerted on each other. Scholars contributing to Cultural Exchanges between Brazil and France treat crucial junctures in such relations, bringing together a wide variety of discourses into their comparative cultural studies. Through their original interdisciplinary analytical approaches, contributors examine cross-cultural interactions and collaborations between Brazil and France in architecture, cinema, intellectual history, literature, plastic arts, social sciences, and sports by undertaking analyses of significant topics in the long history of harmonious, but also ambivalent and occasionally contentious, encounters between Brazil and France.
Decisive Stages in Exchanges between Brazil and France
The earliest encounters between the French and Brazilians arose in the relationships that they developed in commercial trade during the first half of the sixteenth century. The Tupinambá, native inhabitants living along the eastern coast of Brazil, were engaged in the barter of goods managed by the French that included tropical fauna, feathers, cotton, and other commodities, exchanged for items deemed ordinary by the French, such as mirrors, beads, knives, hatchets, and fish hooks. The introduction of iron tools in particular made a decisive impact on the sociopolitical organization of the Tupi. Especially important for the French was the commerce in brazilwood, which was harvested and prepared solely by Amerindians and shipped to Europe for use as a dye in France’s textile manufacturing industry. Revenue from this commerce supported the growth of France’s mercantilism, which in turn funded continuing exploratory and commercial voyages to Brazil. Contemporary maps, atlases, and other visual artworks, which French cartographers and artists created to represent the developing business between the French and the indigenous Brazilians, are testimony to how advantageous this trade was for France; and they also attest to the commercial interdependence between Brazil and France.
The first overtly political relationship between Brazil and France developed in the mid-sixteenth century. In 1555, King Henry II, challenging Portugal’s exclusive claims to Brazil as dictated by the Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494, sent France’s first colonial mission to Brazil, named by the French la France Antarctique (“Antarctic France”), where colonists settled o