Biodiversity , livre ebook
129
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English
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2019
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129
pages
English
Ebook
2019
Obtenez un accès à la bibliothèque pour le consulter en ligne En savoir plus
Publié par
Date de parution
12 mars 2019
Nombre de lectures
0
EAN13
9781619307506
Langue
English
Poids de l'ouvrage
80 Mo
Look around you-biodiversity is everywhere! From the tallest tree to the smallest microbe, Earth is home to more than 1.5 million known species of plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and microorganisms. And scientists estimate there could be millions, if not billions, more that have not yet been identified. Biodiversity: Explore the Diversity of Life on Earth with Science Activities for Kids introduces middle schoolers to the evolution of life on Earth, beginning with the first single-celled organisms that emerged 3.8 billion years ago to the complex, multi-celled organisms that exist today and make up the tree of life. Biodiversity is found everywhere on the planet-on land, in the water, and even in extreme environments such as ice and volcanoes. Biodiversity can also be discovered by looking through a microscope at tiny worlds of organisms that can't be seen with the human eye. There are whole microbiomes beneath our feet, in puddles, and even in our belly buttons!All of this biodiversity on Earth helps keep the planet in balance. Biodiversity is also important to humans because it provides food, shelter, clothing, medicines, and more. However, the rates of biodiversity loss are increasing because of human activities. Climate change, pollution, habitat destruction, over-exploitation-these are all critical threats to biodiversity. There are, however, ways to slow or stop this loss through conservation and sustainable development.Biodiversity includes hands-on STEM activities and critical thinking exercises to encourage readers to consider the threat to biodiversity and figure out ways to be part of the solution. Fun facts, links to online primary sources and other supplemental material, and essential questions take readers on an exploration of the incredible biodiversity on Earth. Biodiversity is part of a set of four Build It Environmental Science books that explore the history and science of the planet and all that live on it through hands-on STEM activities and real-life environmental connections. Other titles in this series are Planet Earth, Garbage, and Biomes.Nomad Press books integrate content with participation. Common Core State Standards, the Next Generation Science Standards, and STEM Education all place project-based learning as key building blocks in education. Combining content with inquiry-based projects stimulates learning and makes it active and alive. Nomad's unique approach simultaneously grounds kids in factual knowledge while allowing them the space to be curious, creative, and critical thinkers.
Voir
Publié par
Date de parution
12 mars 2019
Nombre de lectures
0
EAN13
9781619307506
Langue
English
Poids de l'ouvrage
80 Mo
BIO DIVERSITY
EXPLORE THE DIVERSITY OF LIFE ON EARTH WITH ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE ACTIVITIES FOR KIDS
Laura Perdew Illustrated by Tom Casteel
DIBVEIRSITOY
EXPLORE THE DIVERSITY OF LIFE ON EARTH WITH ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE ACTIVITIES FOR KIDS
Laura Perdew Illustrated by Tom Casteel
Titles in theEnvironmental Sciencebook set
Check out more titles at www.nomadpress.net
Nomad Press A division of Nomad Communications 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Copyright © 2019 by Nomad Press. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in a review orfor limited educational use. The trademark “Nomad Press” and the Nomad Press logo are trademarks of Nomad Communications, Inc.
Educational Consultant, Marla Conn
Questions regarding the ordering of this book should be addressed to Nomad Press 2456 Christian St. White River Junction, VT 05001 www.nomadpress.net
Contents
Geologic Time Scale. . . iv
Introduction What Is Biodiversity? . . . 1
Chapter 1 A Short History of Life on Earth . . . 11
Chapter 2 Biodiversity Everywhere . . . 28
Chapter 3 Why Biodiversity Matters . . . 45
Chapter 4 Biodiversity and Humans . . . 61
Chapter 5 Threats to Biodiversity . . . 76
Chapter 6 Protecting Biodiversity . . . 95
Glossary|Metric ConversionsResources|Essential Questions|Index
Interested in Primary Sources? Look for this icon.Use a smartphone or tablet app to scan the QR code and explore more! Photos are also primary sources because a photograph takes a picture at the moment something happens.
You can find a list of URLs on the Resources page. If the QR code doesn’t work, try searching the internet with the Keyword Prompts to find other helpful sources. biodiversity
Age of Amphibians
EarlysRhiseelTlreoilfdoPcrboinastdlplnaritss(eresttfoFirshsfievitimmumFFismisoraslteamixiFtsrevphamnaigbrrhanstsrgiaerSerkptnCos)alformaibundailesngt swamps
Age of Marine OriginoflifeEarlybacteriaaSnidmapllgeaemulotircgCealolnemidspmloesrxgamniusltmicselledInvertebrates
Precambrian
CambrianOrdoviciaSinlurian
358.9
MASS EXTINCTIOMNASS EXTINCTION
DevonianMississipPpieannsylvanian
485.4
MILLIONS OF YEARS AGO
323.2
The timeline of Earth’s lifespan is shown in ageologic timescale. It is broken up into chunks of time callederas. Each era is made up of differentperiods. Some of the more recent periods are also divided intoepochs.
FORMATION OF EARTH
WORDS TO KNOW
v i
443.4
Paleozoic
419.2
Age of Fishes
GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE
541.0
geologic time:the span of Earth’s history marked by major events and changes. era:a division of geologic time. period:a division of time within an era. epoch:a division of time within a period.
4,600
ecies, om of
GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE
Today
2.6
23.0
66.0
145.0
ERA
PERIOD
Quaternary
Neogene
Paleogene
Cretaceous
EPOCH
Holocene
Pleistocene
Pliocene
Miocene Age of Mammals Oligocene
Eocene
Paleocene
Extinction of large mammals and birds
Modern humans
Spread of grassy ecosystems
Early primates
MASS EXTINCTION
Placental mammals
Early flowering plants
Dinosaurs diverse and abundant Jurassic Birds evolved Mesozoic Cenozoic Age of Reptiles 201.3 Thitshgeesmeoaljeopolvgraeincethsitaimngecuslshaescaheealdinntihgnecludappatearpmroseiraetecdhntt.ahhavndteeevasenptpaEsiidnaucdrsesmaantihtcrh’sofencssixtdeitfosnre,fe.yrptnsnadohwthSeMASS EXTINCTION First mammals and dinosaurs Triassic Flying reptiles
252.2
Permian
MASS EXTINCTION
v i i
WHAT IS BIODIVERSITY?
Introduction
Step outsîde and take a Look around. WHat kînds o creatures do you see? Any însects lyîng tHrougH tHe aîr? Any dogs, cats, bîrds? WHat about lowers and otHer pLants? Don’t orget tHeorganismsyou can’t see—tHere are pLenty o LîvîngspeciestHat are vîsîbLe onLy wîtH mîcroscopes.
Humans sare te eart wît mîîons o oter specîes. Mîîons! hîs varîety o îe on Eart îs caedbiodiversity. Bîodîversîty încudes pants, anîmas,fungi,bacteria, andmicroorganismso a sapes and sîzes. Bîodîversîty încudes you! ït aso reers to arge specîes suc as bue waes and poar bears and gîant redwood trees. here are medîum-sîzed specîes suc as ESSENTIAL QUESTION saguaro cactî, woves, and dopîns, as we How is everything on the planet as sma specîes—adybugs and tree rogs and related to everything else? orget-me-not lowers.
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WORDS TO KNOW
organism:a living plant, animal, or singlecelled form of life. species:a group of living things that are closely related and can produce offspring. biodiversity:diversity is a range of different things. Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth. fungi:the plural of fungus, an organism that has no leaves, flowers, or roots and that lives on dead or rotting organic matter. Mushrooms are a fungus. bacteria:microorganisms found in soil, water, plants, and animals that are often beneficial but sometimes harmful. microorganism:a living thing so small that it can be seen only with a microscope. ecosystem:an interdependent community of living and nonliving things and their environment. biotic:of or relating to living things. abiotic:of or relating to nonliving things such as temperature, wind, precipitation, soil type, and more. kelp:a tall, brown seaweed that grows in forests in shallow ocean waters close to shore.
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BIODIVERSITY
This National Geographic video is a photographic introduction to the wonders of the amazing biodiversity on Earth. Check it out!
Nat Geo biodiversity video
Bîodîversîty încudes organîsms so sma tey can be seen ony wît a mîcroscope! ïn act, în every square oot tere are undreds, sometîmes tousands, o specîes growîng, squîrmîng, wîggîng, lyîng, mutîpyîng, eatîng, and trîvîng.
Why is this important? Why do we care that there are so many different species, especially when we can’t even see them?
Polar bears are part of our biodiverse world!
What Is Biodiversity?
INTERCONNECTED ECOSYSTEMS
A îe on Eart îs înterconnected. Organîsms, togeter wît teîr pysîca envîronment, orm a communîty caed anecosystem. Wîtîn an ecosystem, bot tebioticandabiotic—or îvîng and nonîvîng—actors work togeter to maîntaîn te baance o nature. ï one part o te ecosystem canges or dîsappears, te woe system îs out o baance. Peope ca tîs te web o îe because îoneconnectîon breaks, ? Wte woe web may be O N afected. K The word U biodiversitywas firsthe web o îe O Y used in the mid1980sîs îke a we-tuned D Ias a shorter way to saymacîne. A te D “biological diversity.”bîotîc and abîotîc Today, it is a commonactors are te nuts, term.bots, and gears tat eac pay a roe în keepîng te macîne în good workîng order.
For exampe, aong te soreînes o Caîornîa, sea otters eat sea urcîns. Sea urcîns eat gîant kelp. Wen te number o sea otters drops, te number o sea urcîns rîses. A tose sea urcîns ten destroy te gîant kep orests.
Kelp forests are also affected by changes in water temperature, light, and pollution.
A giant kelp forest credit: Clinton Bauder (CC BY 2.0)
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