Guide to Sustainable Development and Environmental Policy , livre ebook
433
pages
English
Ebooks
2002
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433
pages
English
Ebook
2002
Obtenez un accès à la bibliothèque pour le consulter en ligne En savoir plus
Publié par
Date de parution
29 mars 2002
Nombre de lectures
0
EAN13
9780822381037
Langue
English
Poids de l'ouvrage
1 Mo
The Guide to Sustainable Development and Environmental Policy is a comprehensive presentation of definitions, philosophies, policies, models, and analyses of global environmental and developmental issues. With a wealth of comparative, multidisciplinary, and geographically varied perspectives on environmental governance, it also provides detailed and balanced discussions about specific environmental issues.The guide combines formal, objective entries with critical commentaries that emphasize different opinions and controversies. With succinct explanations of more than a thousand terms, thoughtful interpretations by international experts, and helpful cross-referencing, this resource is designed to serve as a roadmap for understanding the issues and debates in the overlapping fields of environment and development. Intended for use by activists, journalists, policymakers, students, scholars, and interested citizens, the Guide to Sustainable Development and Environmental Policy will be a helpful tool for anyone trying to get a comprehensive look at the many environmental organizations, schools of thought, development programs, international environmental treaties, conventions, and strategies that have proliferated in the past few decades.
Voir
Publié par
Date de parution
29 mars 2002
Nombre de lectures
0
EAN13
9780822381037
Langue
English
Poids de l'ouvrage
1 Mo
Guide to
Sustainable Development
and Environmental
Policy
Guide to
Sustainable Development
and Environmental
Policy
E D I T E D BY
N ATA L I A M I R O V I T S K AYA
A N D W I L L I A M A S C H E R
DUKE UNIVERSITY PRESS
Durham and London,
© Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data appear on the last printed page of this book.
Introduction Contributors
1
xxix xxxiii
Contents
B A S I C C O N C E P T S O F D E V E L O P M E N T A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
1.1 Development Theory: Introductory Concepts, Criteria, and Measurements
.. Capital Absorptive Capacity, Economic Capital Capital Accumulation Capital-Resource Substitution Critical Natural Capital Cultural Capital Ecological Capital Human Capital National Heritage Natural Capital/Natural Assets Natural Wealth Social Capital Undercapitalization
.. Classfication of Nations and Major Political Units by Development Characteristics Countries in Transition Developed Countries Developing Countries (Less Developed Countries [ s])
East vs. West Economy in Transition Fifth World First World Fourth World Group of (G-) Group of (G-) Industrial Countries (First World) Least Developed Countries ( s) Less Developed Countries ( s) Newly Industrializing Countries ( s) North vs. South Raw-Material-Intensive Economy Second World Third World
.. Development Bottom-up Development Capacity Building Core-Periphery Model Development Development Models
.. Measurements of Economic Development and Growth Adjusted Income Country Futures Indicators () Gender-Empowerment Measure ( ) Gender-Related Development Index ( ) Genuine Progress Indicator ( ) Genuine Saving Gini Index of Inequality Gross Domestic Product ( ) Gross National Product ( ) Gross World Product Human Development Index ( ) Human Poverty Index ( ) Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare () Indicators of Development Lorenz Curve Measure of Economic Welfare ( , or Net Economic Welfare [ ]) Natural Capital Indicator Net Domestic Product ( ) Pollution-Adjusted Economy Indicator
Environmental Space Limiting Factor
.. Carrying Capacity Absorptive Capacity, Environmental (or Assimilative Capacity) Assimilative Capacity Carrying Capacity Critical Environment Critical Load Ecological Footprint Ecological Integrity Environment
vi
.. Human Resource Development Basic Needs Human Capital Human Development Human Resource Development
1.2 Natural Resources and Environmental Services
Economic Growth Debate Endogenous Development (Endogenous Growth) Exemplary Projects Growth, Economic Low-Level Equilibrium Trap Modernization Optimal Growth Theory Participatory Development Resource-Curse Hypothesis Rostow ’s Stages of Economic Growth Stakeholder Trickle-Down Development Underdevelopment
Contents
.. Ecosystem Biocenosis Biogeocenosis Bioregion Biosphere Cultural Environment Ecosystem
.. Economic Production, Investment, and Cycles Allocative Efficiency Decreasing Returns to Scale Diminishing Returns (Law Of Diminishing Returns) Economic Efficiency Industry Informal Economy Kondratieff Cycles Market Failure Opportunity Cost Overshooting Price System Production Function Resource Cycles Subsidies
Natural Environments Noosphere Optimum Sustainable Population Resilience Seminatural Environment Stability (of Ecosystem) Subnatural Environment
.. Environmental Services Amenity Services of the Environment Ecological Services Environmental Functions Environmental Needs Environmental Resources Environmental Services Environmental Space Life-Support Services of the Environment
.. Other Basic Environmental Concepts and Processes Biodiversity (Biological Diversity) Biogeochemical Cycle Ecological Imperialism Ecological Entity Entropy Environmental Debt Environmental Protection Equilibrium, Environmental Evolution Feedback Mechanism Habitat Media, Environmental Natural Pollution Nonlinear Relationships Pollution Riparian Habitat Species Synergism (or Synergy)
Thresholds, Environmental Wilderness
.. Resource Uses and Types Commodity Conditionally Renewable Resources Ecological Rucksacks (‘‘Forgotten Tonnes’’) Environmental Resources Exhaustible Resources Material Resources Natural Resources Nonrenewable Resources Resource Intensity Tradable Commodity
.. Resource Conservation: Approaches and Practices Conservation High Grading Hotelling Rule Maximum Sustainable Yield ( ) Multiple Resource Use Optimal Sustainable Yield Preservation Protection
.. Standards and Measurements Ambient Standards Biodiversity Indices Environmental Index Environmental Indicators Environmental Standards Index of Resource Depletion Living Standards Measurement Survey Pollution Index Sustainability Indicators
1.3 Epistemology of the Field
.. Approaches to Knowledge and Theory Bounded Rationality
Catastrophe Theory Chaos Theory Complex Adaptive Systems
vii
Contents
viii
.. Environmental Studies and Economic Thought Conservation Biology Ecological Economics Ecological Energetics Paradigm Ecology Environmental Economics Environmental Studies Green Economics Human Ecology Neoclassical Economics Policy-Relevant Research Political Ecology Resource Economics Restoration Ecology Welfare Economics
2.1 Basic Sustainability Concepts
2.2 Measurements of Sustainability
2
S U S TA I N A B I L I T Y
Complex Models Critical Theory Cultural Determinism Ecological Triad Environmental Determinism (Geographical School; Environmentalism) Game Theory General System Theory Geopolitics Indigenous Knowledge (Indigenous Technical Knowledge []; Traditional Knowledge) Maximization Postulate Positivism Prigogine’s Evolutionary Paradigm Rational Choice Theory Reductionism Reflexive Modernization Traditional Ecological Knowledge
Rawlsian Interpretation of Sustainability Sustainability Indicators Sustainable National Income ( )
Agricultural Sustainability Coevolution Community Sustainability Sensible Sustainability Steady State Steady-State Economy
Bellagio Principles Constant Utility Path Discounted Utilitarian Interpretation European Sustainability Index () Factor
Strong Sustainability Sustainability Sustainable Development Sustainable Natural Resource Management Weak Sustainability
2.3 Philosophical Approaches and Social Movements
Alternative Normativism Alternative Structuralism Animal Rights Anti-Environmentalism Back-to-Nature Movement Bioregionalism Core-Periphery Theory (Center-Periphery Theory) Deep Ecology Dependency Theory Ecoanarchism Ecodevelopment Ecofascism Ecofeminism Eco-Marxism Ecosocialism Gaiasophy Gandhian Concept of Development
(Swaraj Doctrine; ‘‘Hindu Development’’) Gender and Development Approach ( ) Holistic Ecology Kropotkin, Piotr Alekseyevich Land Ethic Lifeboat Ethics Radical Environmentalism Social Ecology Spaceship Economy Stewardship Transpersonal Ecology Women and Development () Approach Women in Development ( ) Approach
2.4 Sustainable Development Outlooks and Models
Boserupian Thesis Buddhist Model of Development Development Models Ecological Energetics Paradigm Environmental Convergence Theory Global Report
‘‘Golden Billion’’ Development Model Leontieff Report Limits to Growth Report Outbreak-Crash Model of the Future
2.5 Sustainable Development Strategy and Agenda Statements
Agenda Blueprint for Survival Caring for the Earth Declaration on the Human Environment Development Decades Earth Charter Global Marshall Plan for the Environment
New International Economic Order ( ) Small Is Beautiful United Nations Declaration of a New International Economic Order Development Decades United Nations World Charter for Nature World Charter for Nature World Conservation Strategy ( )
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