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523
pages
English
Ebook
2024
Obtenez un accès à la bibliothèque pour le consulter en ligne En savoir plus
Publié par
Date de parution
01 février 2024
Nombre de lectures
0
EAN13
9789913690003
Langue
English
Poids de l'ouvrage
5 Mo
This book, Abu Mayanja MP: The intellectual star of Uganda's "Struggle" for independence and the search for a liberal democratic state, 1929-2005, is a biography of a brilliant African politician, a history of a country and a continent told through the lens and activities of an individual politician.
The book breaks new ground in how Uganda and Africa have been viewed by academic and popular opinion. Mayanja's life sheds light on the last days of colonialism and the early postcolonial history of Uganda and other African countries. First, although Africa, particularly Uganda, is viewed by popular imagination through the images of dictatorial and corrupt African leaders like Amin, Obote, Mubotu, Bokassa, Bongo and others, there were, and still are, voices of reason who advocated for the advantages of good governance.
Secondly, it shows that it is not only heads of states who influenced the political direction of postcolonial states in the period just before and after independence. Other actors shaped the opinions of the masses and influenced how laws were formed and implemented. Thirdly, Mayanja is one of those public intellectuals who stood up to autocracy and what he thought should be done through words and actions.
He analysed political and social issues at a higher conceptual level than almost all his contemporaries He was indeed the "intellectual star" of Uganda's "struggle" for self-rule and the nine years that followed independence. His ridiculing of those in power for their failure to know or understand governance issues landed him in prison and denied him full participation in governing the Uganda postcolonial state. But he left deep footprints on Uganda's and East African political thought. Had his suggestions for managing postcolonial Uganda been followed, the country would not have suffered as severely as it has since 1966.
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The book breaks new ground in how Uganda and Africa have been viewed by academic and popular opinion. Mayanja's life sheds light on the last days of colonialism and the early postcolonial history of Uganda and other African countries. First, although Africa, particularly Uganda, is viewed by popular imagination through the images of dictatorial and corrupt African leaders like Amin, Obote, Mubotu, Bokassa, Bongo and others, there were, and still are, voices of reason who advocated for the advantages of good governance.
Secondly, it shows that it is not only heads of states who influenced the political direction of postcolonial states in the period just before and after independence. Other actors shaped the opinions of the masses and influenced how laws were formed and implemented. Thirdly, Mayanja is one of those public intellectuals who stood up to autocracy and what he thought should be done through words and actions.
He analysed political and social issues at a higher conceptual level than almost all his contemporaries He was indeed the "intellectual star" of Uganda's "struggle" for self-rule and the nine years that followed independence. His ridiculing of those in power for their failure to know or understand governance issues landed him in prison and denied him full participation in governing the Uganda postcolonial state. But he left deep footprints on Uganda's and East African political thought. Had his suggestions for managing postcolonial Uganda been followed, the country would not have suffered as severely as it has since 1966.
Publié par
Date de parution
01 février 2024
Nombre de lectures
0
EAN13
9789913690003
Langue
English
Poids de l'ouvrage
5 Mo
Abu Mayanja, MP The Intellectual Star o Uganda’s “Struggle” or Independence and the Search or a Liberal Democratic State
A. B. K. Kasozi
Abu Mayanja, MP:The Intellectual Star o Uganda’s “Struggle” or Independence and the Search or a Liberal Democratic State
Copyright
eISBN
All rights Reserved
Publisher
© 2023 A. B. K. Kasozi
978-9913-690-00-3
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the written permission of the copyright holder.
Progressive Publishing House P.O. Box 70953, Kampala, Uganda
Uganda Cataloguing and Publication data:
Abubakar Bakijjukire Kakyama Mayanja, 1929-2005 Abu Mayanja student leader and activist, 1950-1952 Abu Mayanja îrst general secretary, Uganda National Congress, 1952-8 Abu Mayanja, political leader in the “struggle” for independence Abu Mayanja, Minister of Education in the Kabaka’s Government, 1960-1964 Abu Mayanja, Member of Uganda’s Parliament, 1964-1971, 1986-1994 Abu Mayanja, Cabinet minister in Amin’s Government, 1971-2 Abu Mayanja, Cabinet Member, NRM (Museveni’s) government, 1986-1994 Abu Mayanja, Social and political critic of Uganda’s status quo, 1952-2005 Abu Mayanja, Intellectual leader in politics, law, education, culture and religion.
Dedication
This book is dedicated to those who struggled and still struggle for equity and justice in their societies.
iii
Contents
Foreword............................................................................................................................ xv Preface and Acknowledgement ......................................................................................... xix
SECTION I: MAYANJA IN THE UGANDAN POLITICAL LANDSCAPE, 1952–2005.......................................................................................... 1
Chapter 1: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Chapter 2: 1. 2.
The postcolonial state Mayanja wished to emerge in Uganda .................3 Introduction: Mayanja in the Ugandan political landscape, 1952–1971........3 The state Mayanja wished Uganda to become: A liberal democratic nation.... 6 Mayanja’s vision for the role of the state .......................................................7 The state structures Mayanja advocated for his homeland ............................8 The three branches of government ...............................................................12 Ofîcers of the state......................................................................................16 Local government.........................................................................................16 Functions of government..............................................................................17 Conclusions: Uganda’s past should not be viewed entirely through the lens of dictators ............................................................................................23
Early Years: From Ngogwe to Budo and Makerere ................................25 Early years and education up to King’s College Budo.................................25 Mayanja goes to Makerere and is expelled for leading a student strike ......28
Chapter 3: Mayanja goes to King’s College, Cambridge...........................................33 1.Introduction ..................................................................................................33 2.................................................................theingightF...zinohroadkr........33.. 3.The scramble to inuence Mayanja’s mind through higher education........35 4.The horizon begins to brighten.....................................................................36 5.Admissions to King’s College, Cambridge ..................................................37 6...........................................................................37The battle for a scholarship 7.................corss.........orMbregeidtos..........38................................................ 8.The planned journey to Cambridge ..............................................................41 9.Academic activities at Cambridge................................................................43 10.Other activities .............................................................................................46 11............................48The impact of Cambridge education and life on Mayanja
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ABU MAYANJA, MP
Chapter 4: Uganda National Congress (UNC): The search for a viable political organisation, 1952–60.................................................................................51 1.Abu Mayanja: the brain behind the Uganda National Congress (UNC)......51 2.Struggle for democracy with traditional authorities in Uganda, 1952–1960 ....................................................................................................53 3.The UNC splits.............................................................................................58 4.Colonial ofîcers’ views of Mayanja become more positive........................63 5............................................................66Formation of Uganda Peoples Union 6.Formation of the Uganda Peoples’ Congress (UPC)....................................66
Chapter 5: Mayanja and the packaging of the initial Uganda postcolonial state, 1961–66 ........................................................................................................69 1.Mayanja was responsible for negotiating the major contents of the 1962 Constitution ..................................................................................................69 2.Mayanja connects Muteesa II with Obote at Bamunanika...........................71 3................................72Mayanja and the formation of the Kabaka Yekka party 4.Formation of the UPC/KY alliance ..............................................................75 5.The London Constitutional Conference and the making of the 1962 Constitution ..................................................................................................76 6.Managing the disputed 1961 Lukiiko elections in Buganda ........................77 7.Mayanja resigns from Mengo ......................................................................77 8.Mayanja is sent to the National Parliament..................................................78 9.The collapse of the initial postcolonial Uganda state, 1966.........................78 10.The 1967 Constitution: Mayanja advises Obote to travel a democratic path ...............................................................................................................79
Chapter 6: Abu Mayanja as a public servant of Buganda and Uganda ...................81 1.Mayanja as a Minister ..................................................................................81 2.The Kabaka’s call cannot be refused: Mayanja joins Mengo as minister of education ..................................................................................................81 3.Mayanja as Minister of Education in the Kabaka’s Government, 1960–1964 ....................................................................................................84 4.Mayanja in Idi Amin’s Government, 1971–1972.........................................86 5.Mayanja runs for Parliament as a DP candidate in 1980 and then goes into exile .......................................................................................................86 6.Mayanja in Museveni’s Government ...........................................................86 7.Other services to society: Academic tasks, honorary and meritorious awards...........................................................................................................87
Chapter 7: Mayanja Arrested: The Price of Political Activism.................................93 1....................................93Prison has been a training ground for many a leader 2.The colonial period, 1894–1962...................................................................94 3.The Obote I Period, 1962–71: Mayanja was arrested for sedition by th Obote’s Government, 18 October 1968 .....................................................95 4.Attempts to use Neogy’s citizenship for general political purposes ............98
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5.
Contents
The Amin Period: Mayanja withdraws to a farm at Nambale near Mityana.......................................................................................................100
Chapter 8:Were Peoples’ High Expectations of Mayanja justiîed? Mayanja in Ugandan Society .......................................................................................101 1.Introduction ................................................................................................101 2.The press and the public: A Nkrumah of Uganda?.....................................101 3.The Uganda National Congress..................................................................102 4.The Protectorate Ofîcials...........................................................................103 5.The Muslim Community ............................................................................104 6.The obstacles in Mayanja upward political mobility .................................105 7.Misunderstood due to high intellectual levels of communication or arrogance on his part? ................................................................................107 8........................................................................110Tough talk or direct insults?
SECTION II: MAYANJA’S POLITICAL THOUGHTS......................................... 115
Section II (a): The structures of Mayanja’s desired state ........................................115
Chapter 9: The state’s primary role is to protect and enhance the welfare of the individual...................................................................................................117 1.The state’s primary aim is to protect and enhance the individual’s life, liberties, rights, and needs ..........................................................................117 2.teneD911..................................................................itnosiwhtuotrtial............ 3.Violations of human rights of the people by the government and its workers are wrong ......................................................................................121 4.Protection of the freedom of the individual: detainees should be informed why they are held in custody ......................................................129 5.Respecting and protecting personal rights and secrets...............................130 6.........131Protection of the properties of the individual: Land Acquisition Bill 7.The right to access free and uncorrupted information................................132 8.Freedom to comment on political and social issues ...................................132 9.Protection of national wealth......................................................................132
Chapter 10: The constitution, Part 1: The agreement on how to constitute a government to manage the state .............................................................133 1.The constitution is the agreement between the people and the government on their mutual rights and obligations....................................133 2.The Wild Constitutional Committee ..........................................................134 3.Mayanja and the 1962 Constitution ...........................................................134 4.The “Pigeonhole” Constitution, 1966 ........................................................135 5.The debates on the 1967 Constitution ........................................................137 6.Mayanja on the merits and demerits of the 1967 Constitution ..................138 7.The underlying philosophy of a constitution..............................................142 8.The Government proposals for the 1967 Constitution ...............................145
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ABU MAYANJA, MP
Chapter 11: The Constitution, Part II: The agreement on how to manage the state ............................................................................................................155 1.Removal of the President ...........................................................................155 2.The Vice President......................................................................................156 3.The principle of collective responsibility in the cabinet and parliament: The dawn of bad Governance in Uganda ...................................................157 4.The concept of the rule of law is not foreign to Africans...........................157 5.Parliament and the concept of representative institutions ..........................158 6.Parliament should respect the wishes of the electorate ..............................159 7.Qualiîcations of voters, i.e., who can vote in Uganda...............................159 8.Giving the High Court more powers on the electoral process ...................160 9.Power to, or not to, consent to a Bill by the president ...............................160 10.Prolonging the life of Parliament for îve years is not good......................161 11.The time for convening parliament after an election should be short ........162 12....................................................162Legislation by promulgating Ordinances 13.Command of the Armed Forces and power to appoint and dismiss top army ofîcers and decisions making concerning military matters..............163 14.The Judiciary ..............................................................................................164 15.Protection of certain ofîcers of the state by the constitution.....................165 16.Independence of the Public Service ...........................................................166 17.Kings and other traditional rulers should stay because loyalty to these entities does not always conict with allegiance to the state.....................166 18.Buganda should not be divided into the proposed four districts ................168 19............................................................................170The prerogative of mercy 20.Order must be re-established within the law, and the state must take responsibility for all its actions ..................................................................170 21.The state should take responsibility for paying all civil servants ..............172 22.Final opinion on the 1967 Constitutional proposals...................................172
Chapter 12: The unity of the state................................................................................177 1.Uganda should pursue unity in diversity rather than enforced uniformity... 177 2.Uniformity of administrative structures does not improve efîciency........182 3.Buganda and the Baganda are not obstacles to national unity ...................185 4.Fighting “reverse tribalism” or discriminative behaviour against Baganda ......................................................................................................190 5.Obote’s political behaviour compared to his statements on unity..............193
Chapter 13: Government, the power of the state........................................................195 1.Government is the agent, and therefore, the power of the state .................195 2.Functions of Government...........................................................................195 3.The separation of powers amongst the three branches of government ......196 4.The Legislative branch of government (or Parliament) .............................196 5.The Executive branch of government ........................................................205
viii
6. 7.
Contents
The Third Branch of Government: The Judiciary ......................................208 Ofîcers of state..................................................122........................................
Chapter 14: The Roles of Responsible Local Government ........................................213 1.The need for responsible local government ...............................................213 2.Retaining power at the centre reduces the performance of local authorities ...................................................................................................214 3.Centralisation of authority will not necessarily lead to better service .......215 4....................216Responsible local government means elected representatives 5.Elected ofîcials should have powers over appointed bureaucrats.............223 6.Local Governments must have their sources of income: Abolition of graduated tax was a mistake.......................................................................224 7.Administrative units should be economically viable .................................224 8.The roles of traditional rulers in local, regional governance in Uganda ....225
Section II (b): Major functions of government .........................................................227
Chapter 15: The security of the state and the rights of citizens ................................229 1.The security of the state, its citizens and maintenance of their rights are the major functions of government ............................................................229 2.The state must accept certain risks in order to fulîl its roles.....................229 3.Order must be re-established within the legal bounds of the law ..............230 4.Government must always operate within the law ......................................232 5.The liability of the state in the process of establishing law and order .......234 6.Government should not be exempted from vicarious liability ...................234 7.The distinction between the security of the state and that of the speciîc incumbents in government .........................................................................235 8.Violence does not resolve political conicts nor serve as an instrumentof permanent political control ....................................................................236 9.Combat forces like the Special Force and Army should not enforce law amongst the civilian population .................................................................239
Chapter 16: The administration of justice in building a happy society, Part 1: The philosophical basis of law in an African country ...........................241 1.The proper administration of justice is vital for the harmony of the state.... 241 2.Law should be informed by African ideas and concepts of justice: Harmonising customary and written (i.e. British) Law..............................242 3.Administration of Justice is the foundation of a just society .....................252 4.Law cannot be imported wholesale: Trial by Jury not usable in Karamoja ....................................................................................................255 5.Reasons for not appointing magistrates instead of justices of the peace ...258
Chapter 17: The role of the administration of justice in building a happy society, Part II: Unjust laws retard progress ......................................................261 1..................261The state should not enact unjust and, therefore, harmful laws 2.The Deportation Bill...................................................................................262
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