Syriac Grammar.

SYRIAC GRAMMAR. BY GEORGE D.D.PHILLIPS, OP COLLEGE CAMBRIDGE.PRESIDENT QUEENS' THE THIRD EDITION, BEVISED AND ENLARGED. &CAMBRIDGE': CO,DEIGHTON, BELL, ; LONDON: BELL & DALDY. 1866LONDON : - IT. CEOWXWATTS, CGTTBT, TEMPLE. BAE.TO THEPREFACE SECOND EDITION, areTHE "Elements of Grammar"following Syriac He-intended for the assistance of those Students in towho are desirous of their studiesbrew, extending ac-the This be easilySyriao language. object may of whichin the close affinitycomplished consequence struc-existsbetween the two both in'theirlanguages, ture as well as in the multitude of words which they in common. therefore a smallBy bestowingpossess oftime and labour on the of the portion Syriac,study scholar will be sure to moderateHebrew obtain a theof It is indeed so nearlyknowledge subject. to thatallied and toHebrew, Chaldee,especially after he has read the Bible heChaldee of the parts at once to the of Suchmay proceed reading Syriac, the it becomes that the studentcase,being important should avail himself of the theassistance which affords him for the better ofSyriac understanding not to mention that it he will beHebrew; by to an eccle-with numerousbrought acquaintance siastical documents theto and middleearlybelonging which treat of the creed and of theages, practiceIV PEERAGE. the church of Christ in those times.branch ofSyrian The as a dialect of the mustHebrew,Syriac, always be as a source of valuableregarded constituting information for the criticism of the Hebrew Bible. an examination of a Hebrew word as it is usedBy in this essential service has been renderedlanguage, in difficult and elucidating many important passages of Writ and it has been the constant ;Holy practice of commentators to recourse to wheneverhave Syriac, the Text of the Old Testament fails to establish In suchthe of a word.satisfactorily signification case allows that a reference toevery person Syriac is one of the means to be in legitimate employed the sense of a andpassage; althoughdetermining this is inferior to Arabic in the extent andlanguage of its it is nevertheless asliterature,variety superior its much more intimate connection with the regards of the Bible. original language But asthe it to whichclaim, me,great appears on thethe has attention of that class ofSyriac per- for whose use this book is consists insons, intended, the New Testament. The of Syriac high antiquity this and its use inthe establishedversion, early Syrian an on it which can bechurch, stamp importance other : and in addition to theseto no if,assigned borne in that thecircumstances it be mind, SyriacPREFACE. y is so the same as thatlanguage nearly inspoken Palestine in the first of thatage Christianity, by beenit has termed the vernacular lan-many persons ourof it must be allowed thatLord, theguage Syriao New Testament a value inferior to thatpossesses only which to the de-whobelongs original. Michaelis, voted his talents to the of andgreat study Syriac, an of theto examination, has en-Syriac version, in his Introduction totheNewdeavoured, Testament, to the when thatfix version was made and;period forward inafter bringing many cogent arguments favour of its has inferred that it musthigh antiquity, have either at the end of the first or theexisted, of the Hecoiul Thisbeginning century. great age, and its deviation from the commonfrequent reading in of mustrecommend the useofpassages importance, it to critic and tho truth that it been; is, hasevery more uftod than all other sources of critical assistance together, Prom those remarks it will desir-obviously appear able that tho Hebrew scholar should not rest satisfied a Totill ho has obtained of thoknowledge Syriac. for this attainment was in*afford myfacility groat duooment in a few theseforth, yearssending ago, of Grammar to the and IElements ;Syriac public that tho been received,book,havingrfljoico favourably A*VI PUSVACK. has afforded thai Ihome satisfactory proof publication has not failed in useful. The entirely being coph's the ken soldof first [ havft oil',impression having tho nwomlnow of a con-pleasure Edition,presenting amendments and which b.wadditions,taining many Leon made for tho of tho Grammar purpose adapting to the somewhat more advanced Ktato to which flyriac literature lias now arrived,gradually these additionH tho ofIn flicintroducing plan not been at all and I thinkGrammar has (listurld, I as to thiscite, applicablemay equally rrjmhlimtiou ofthe the words I in (lit! tobook, employed jtrcfoeo tho first Edition whou of the manner inspeaking " which it was executed, I have endeavoured to bo toin tho account for tho vowelarrangement,simple and tho various inflexions of words (hechanges, by ofa few and to exhibit in aoperation very principles, concise form the structure of fhogeneral language"PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION. IN tliis Edition of the Grammar I have Syriac introduced a considerable of new matter.quantity To make room for the which it, Chrestomathy, in the second has been omitted.Edition,appeared In the course of the last Chresto-twenty years many mathies and books have issued from theSyriac press. considerThese I assistance to thesupply ample student in his at translation. early attempts Again, the of has of late made allstudy Syriac years beyond doubt inan advance this Thereare not country, only more who at the timo them-persons present apply selves to tho but there is also alanguage; larger number ofmature scholars than could layEngland aclaim to of a For thesequarter century ago, it to methatreasons the in the secondappeared space which was taken withEdition, up Chrestomathy, in this be much more filled theusefullymight by introduction of additional Grammar. Whatevernew forms or inflexions of or whatever new eon*words, structions have been discovered in the Syriac MSS., I takenwhich have been have careedited,recently notice of tho I thinkto before the student.bring will not bothere arc few ofGrammar which pointsPREFACE. Its lawsin the following pages.touchedfound upon into and,have endeavouredI develop,and principles and totheto nouns,with them, classifyaccordance thethe andin verbs, changesthe irregularitiesexplain Iof inflexion.in thewords processwhich undergo ele-since thenewthat this Edition,therefore,trust, isthe formerEditionsofcharacter preserved,mentary are introducedof Grammarthewhilst higher parts wants ofto meet thewill heinto thought adaptedit, be foundto some extent,and will also,the beginner, have madeIstudent.the mightto ripor profitable ofthe numborinevoasingbooka by greatlylarger onbook than necessaryoughtbut a ; largerexamples of Grammara ruleandavoided,to boaccountevery one or twoillustratedwellbo as byiu generalmay as twenty.byexamplesCONTENTS. JPAGK......ImoDUCTOBY Observations 1 Tho ......... 8Alphabet -VowolB 10 HDiphthongs ofand Consonants UProperties changes .......of flio Vowels 18Clwingos Tho Diacritic Ku&hoi and Eukok 20Points, ..........Ribui 24 Lines 26 Marhotono and ......Mohagyouo 28 Other Diiicritic Points....... 30 - - -On the of certain &c, 31pronunciation letters, .........Acccmt 32 numbers------Method of 33oxprosHing .......Eiorciaoa 35Heading ..........NOUN8 37 ........Gander 38Number 40BtatCHufNouna 43 . .. ..... 55 .......... 60PRONOUNS -Ponwud 50Pjroncran*