Visual Motion Detection in Tethered Flying Flies [Elektronische Ressource] / Sarah Nicola Jung. Betreuer: Alexander Borst

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2011

Écrit par
Jung Hee , Sarah Nicola

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125

pages

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Ebook

2011

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Publié par

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Publié le

01 janvier 2011

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English

Poids de l'ouvrage

4 Mo

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Publié par

ludwig-maximilians-universitat_munchen

Publié le

01 janvier 2011

Nombre de lectures

Langue

English

Poids de l'ouvrage

4 Mo

Biologie

Visual Motion Detection in
Tethered Flying Flies

Sarah Nicola Jung

München 2011



Visual Motion Detection in
Tethered Flying Flies

Sarah Nicola Jung

Dissertation
an der Fakultät für Biologie
der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
München

vorgelegt von
Sarah Nicola Jung
aus Engelskirchen

München, 5. September 2011

Erstgutachter: Alexander Borst
Zweitgutachter: Rainer Uhl
Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 27.10.2011




Table of Contents

Abstract ……………………………………………………………………………………………….….    1
1 Introduction .……………………………………………………………………………….…    4
1.1 The Role of Sensory Input in Maintaining Flight Stability ………………………    5
1.2 Visually Guided Behavior ………………………………………………………………………    6
1.3 Elementary Motion Detection ……………………………………………………………….   9
1.4 The Optic Lobes and their Role in Motion Computation ……………………….. 12
1.4.1 Compound Eyes in Insects ……………………..……………………………………  14
1.4.2 Lamina ………………………………………………………………………………………..  15
1.4.3 Medulla ………………………………………………………………………………………  18
1.4.4 Lobula …………………………………………………………………………….…………..  19
1.4.5 Lobula Plate ………………………………………………………………………………..  20
1.4.6 H1 Cell …………………………………………………………………………….………....  22
1.5 State‐Dependent Influences on Sensory Processing ……………………………… 24
1.5.1 Examples from Various Modalities ………………………………………………  24
1.5.2 State‐Dependent Visual Processing in Insects …………..…………………  26
1.6 Octopamine and its Role in Insects …………….………………………………………… 28
1.7 Goals and Project Outline …………………………………………………………………….. 29
2 Materials & Methods ……….……………………………………………………………. 31
2.1 Experimental Animals ………………………………………………………………………….. 31
2.2 Preparation ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 32
2.2.1 Preparation for Cutting Experiments ……………………………..….………… 32
2.2.2  for Experiments on CDM Application ……………………….. 33
I
2.2.3 Preparation for Experiments on Tethered Flying Flies …………………. 33
2.2.4  for Control Experiments on the Influence of Wind …..  34
2.3 Experimental Set‐up and Positioning of the Fly ……………………………………. 34
2.4   Stimulation ………………………………………………………………………………….………. 35
2.5 Cell Identification and Recording …..…………………………………………………….. 38
2.6 Chlordimeform …..………………………………………………….……………………………. 39
2.7   Data Analysis ……………………………………………………………………………………….  40
2.8 Modeling ……………………………………………………………………………………………..  41
2.9 Setting up Extracellular Recordings in Tethered Flying Flies …………………  44
2.9.1 Behavioral Pre‐Preparations ……………………………………………………….  44
2.9.2 Spike Extraction ………………………………………………………………………….  45
2.9.3 Control for a Functional Optomotor Response ……………………………  48
3 Results ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 49
3.1 Cutting of the Connective …………………………………………………………………….  50
3.2 Flight Modulates Visual Processing ………………….…………………………………..  52
3.2.1 Flight Changes Neuronal State ………..………………………………..…………  54
3.2.2 Flight Increases the Directional Tuning Range  ……….………..….………  55
3.2.3   Flight Broadens the Temporal Frequency Tuning Curve ……..……….  57
3.2.4 Control for Wind …………………………………………………..…………………….  59
3.3 Neuromodulation of the Visual Response …..………………..……………….…….  60
3.3.1 CDM Changes Neuronal State ……….……………………………………………   61
3.3.2 CDM Broadens the Temporal Frequency Tuning Curve ……..………..  62
3.3.3 Control for Neuromodulation …………………………………………..…………  63
3.4 Simulations with the Reichardt Detector ……………………………………………..  64
4 Discussion  …………………………………………………………………………………….. 72
4.1   Methodology ……………………………………….…………….………………………….…….. 72
4.1.1   Cut Experiments ………………………………………………………..………………..  72
4.1.2   Extracelluar Recordings in Tethered Flying Flies ………………..………..  75
4.1.3   Application of CDM …………………………………………………………..…………  77
4.2   State‐Dependent Modulation of Visual Processing in the Fly  .……………..  78
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