Taxonomy
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English
Documents
Le téléchargement nécessite un accès à la bibliothèque YouScribe Tout savoir sur nos offres
55
pages
English
Documents
Le téléchargement nécessite un accès à la bibliothèque YouScribe Tout savoir sur nos offres
Taxonomy
Core network « transition/integration »
– Tunnels, MPLS, 6PE
– Study case VTHD
ISP Transition
– 6to4, Tunnel Broker
Site « transition/integraton »
– ISATAP, Teredo, NAT-PT
Host « transition/integration »
– DSTM, Bump in the *, SOCK, ALG
– Advanced API
G6 Tutorial 1 Problem for core network
How to cross a router speaking only IPv4
Software problem
Hardware problem
G6 Tutorial 2 Core network transition
tunnels :
– The oldest transition technique
– Encapsulation of an IPv6 packet inside an IPv4
packet
– Packet use IPv4 routing to reach a destination
– Problems :
• IPv4 addresses choice
– Given once by configuration => overlay network
» May lead to complex and strange routing
» Too easy to create links, so a lot of connectivity
G6 Tutorial 3 6bone
Create a virtual topology over the IPv4 network
with configured tunnels
G6 Tutorial 4 Used by the 6bone
End of 6bone network the 6/6/6
G6 Tutorial 5 Tunnels and High speed network
Useful to cross non IPv6 routers
But:
– Software processing for encapsulation may reduce
performances.
– MTU may be reduced.
– Physical topology must be kept at the logical level.
G6 Tutorial 6 MPLS
Instead of adding an IPv4 header, use MPLS
(level 2,5).
MPLS : Multi Protocol Label Switching
– Independent of layer 2 (ATM, PPP, Frame
Relay,…)
– Independent (mostly) of layer « 3 » (IPv4, IPv6,
IPX, MAC,…)
MPLS add a label between L2 and L3
– This label is used to relay the packet inside the
network
G6 Tutorial 7 MPLS ...
Voir
Core network « transition/integration »
– Tunnels, MPLS, 6PE
– Study case VTHD
ISP Transition
– 6to4, Tunnel Broker
Site « transition/integraton »
– ISATAP, Teredo, NAT-PT
Host « transition/integration »
– DSTM, Bump in the *, SOCK, ALG
– Advanced API
G6 Tutorial 1 Problem for core network
How to cross a router speaking only IPv4
Software problem
Hardware problem
G6 Tutorial 2 Core network transition
tunnels :
– The oldest transition technique
– Encapsulation of an IPv6 packet inside an IPv4
packet
– Packet use IPv4 routing to reach a destination
– Problems :
• IPv4 addresses choice
– Given once by configuration => overlay network
» May lead to complex and strange routing
» Too easy to create links, so a lot of connectivity
G6 Tutorial 3 6bone
Create a virtual topology over the IPv4 network
with configured tunnels
G6 Tutorial 4 Used by the 6bone
End of 6bone network the 6/6/6
G6 Tutorial 5 Tunnels and High speed network
Useful to cross non IPv6 routers
But:
– Software processing for encapsulation may reduce
performances.
– MTU may be reduced.
– Physical topology must be kept at the logical level.
G6 Tutorial 6 MPLS
Instead of adding an IPv4 header, use MPLS
(level 2,5).
MPLS : Multi Protocol Label Switching
– Independent of layer 2 (ATM, PPP, Frame
Relay,…)
– Independent (mostly) of layer « 3 » (IPv4, IPv6,
IPX, MAC,…)
MPLS add a label between L2 and L3
– This label is used to relay the packet inside the
network
G6 Tutorial 7 MPLS ...
Taxonomy
Core network « transition/integration »
– Tunnels, MPLS, 6PE
– Study case VTHD
ISP Transition
– 6to4, Tunnel Broker
Site « transition/integraton »
– ISATAP, Teredo, NAT-PT
Host « transition/integration »
– DSTM, Bump in the *, SOCK, ALG
– Advanced API
G6 Tutorial 1 Problem for core network
How to cross a router speaking only IPv4
Software problem
Hardware problem
G6 Tutorial 2 Core network transition
tunnels :
– The oldest transition technique
– Encapsulation of an IPv6 packet inside an IPv4
packet
– Packet use IPv4 routing to reach a destination
– Problems :
• IPv4 addresses choice
– Given once by configuration => overlay network
» May lead to complex and strange routing
» Too easy to create links, so a lot of connectivity
G6 Tutorial 3 6bone
Create a virtual topology over the IPv4 network
with configured tunnels
G6 Tutorial 4 Used by the 6bone
End of 6bone network the 6/6/6
G6 Tutorial 5 Tunnels and High speed network
Useful to cross non IPv6 routers
But:
– Software processing for encapsulation may reduce
performances.
– MTU may be reduced.
– Physical topology must be kept at the logical level.
G6 Tutorial 6 MPLS
Instead of adding an IPv4 header, use MPLS
(level 2,5).
MPLS : Multi Protocol Label Switching
– Independent of layer 2 (ATM, PPP, Frame
Relay,…)
– Independent (mostly) of layer « 3 » (IPv4, IPv6,
IPX, MAC,…)
MPLS add a label between L2 and L3
– This label is used to relay the packet inside the
network
G6 Tutorial 7 MPLS (2)
NIVEAU 3
MPLS int1/567=>int2/789
NIV2 NIV2’
niv2’/789/niv3niv2/567/niv3
G6 Tutorial 8 MPLS (3) – Simple solution
IPv6 IPv6 L1/IPv6 L2/IPv6 IPv6A B C D
•Constraint : Need to configure manually label table in B/C and
D.
G6 Tutorial 9 6PE
IPv6 provider Edge
– More complex
– Associate to routing protocols
– Allow to cross large IPv4 clouds
G6 Tutorial 10
