Annales de l'Institut Pasteur

i ANNALES DE PASTEURL'INSTITUT—ARIS. L. MARETHEUX, RUE CASSETTE.IMPRIMEUR, 1,ANNALES PASTEURDE L'INSTITUT DE Wl.LE PATRONAGEFONDÉES sous PAR E. DUCLAUX COMITÉ DE REDACTION 1 directeur de l'Institut Pasteur deD' GALMETTE, Lille; | ~ D^ à la Faculté deCHANTEMESSE, Médecine;professeur de FranceD"^ membre de l'InstitutLAVERAN, ; du service deD"" L. MARTIN, directeur ;Sérothérapie directeur de l'Institut PasteurD"" ;ROUX, j Médecine. iD"" membre de l'Académie deVAILLARD, I I TOME TRENTE-DEUXIÈME 1918 AVEC 8 PLANCHES PARIS ÉDITEURSMASSON ET G'% L'ACADÉMIE DE MÉDECINELIBRAIRES DE Saint-GermainBoulevard (6^).120,M 3^(6)N" 1JANVIER 191835« ANNÉE ANNALES DE L'L\STITUT PASTEUR THE CHEMICAL lYIECHANISIYI OF REGENERATION LOEBJACQUESby of the Rockefeller Institute for Médical New York.Member Research, I — is1 It isknown that if a or a lower animal mutilated . plant is oncenew take which thea place by organismgrowth may has beenmore rendered more or less and thiscomplète, process The of losttermed régénération organs pro-régénération. from dormant buds near theceeds in wound,plants usually is called forth as a of the muti-whose growth conséquence lation. The of has been interpretedphenomenon régénération to a or an animalin the verbal attributing plantpurely way by orsome kind of for its form )feeling proper (Noll's morphœstesia of a thethe in theprésence organism mystical agency,by « ». Weismann out that hasentelechy pointed régénération werea sélective value since forms endowed with this power to amore to survive. Others ascribedlikely « » and similaretfect of the wound. Thèsestimulating of need not ouraltempts explaining régénération occupy since hâve notled to scientific results.attention they The earlier Bonnet and had a moreDuhamel,biologists, chemical attitude towards the that aproblem, assuming plant contained two kinds of an one which carriedsap, ascending shoot and a onematerial for the production, descending material for root If the is eut off incarrying production. apex a the near the eut will induce plant, ascending sap collecting 1DE L'INSTITUT PASTEUR2 ANNALES from and if llie root is eutIhe of shoots Ihebuds, o(î,growth Ihc at the base will indiice therecolleition of doscending sap of roots. Sachs thnse views andthe accepted genera-growth as différentlized thcm by assuming many spécifie organ- substances in Ihe as there areplant (or animal) organs.forming substances were said to be in minuteThèse spécifie présent This bas received someassumptionquantilies only. support on the elfect of internairécent observations sécrétions^by the espeeially thyroid gland. onIn bis and heteromor-early experiments régénération the vvriter was able to outin animais that thephosis point chemical of Duhamel and Sachs harmo-viewpoint Bonnet, well with his observations. Thus he hadnized foundvery if a is eut from a stem of Tuhularia andthat pièce (a hydroid) a head willin sea form at eitherwaler, (hydranth)suspended the but the head will form much moreend of atstem, rapidly the oral than atthe aboral end of the the différencepièce; may few to a few weeks.amount from a of thedays Suppression formation at the oral end withdrawal ofhead at(by oxygen that accelerated the formation of the head at the aboralend) latter often formedso that the as as the oral head inend, early the with normal This is onpièces oxygen supply. intelligible the that the head formation is determined sub-assumption by flowstances which towards the oral end of an excisednormally of stem until a head bas been and that after-formed,pièce vvards the direction of the flow is and that if thereversed; of a head at the oral end isformation the with-suppressed by drawal of at this the flow is reversed from theend,oxygen and a head can at the aboral end asbeginning develop rapidly as the head at the oral end can under normal conditions. This conclusion eould be submitted to a test an excisedby ligaturing of stem of Tuhularia between the two ends.pièce anywhere This should the flow of head-ligature interrupt thehypothetical substances from the aboral towards the oral andforming end, hence should abolish the cause for the retardation of the head formation at the aboral end and this was tofound be true ; by Godlewski as well as the writerby (1). J. LaLoEn, de la 1914 et La(1) conception mécanique vie, Paris, dynamique des de la 1908 Félixphe'no?nhies vie, Paris, (libi'airie Alcan).