Directed migration of human neural progenitor cells to interleukin-1β is promoted by chemokines stromal cell-derived factor-1 and monocyte chemotactic factor-1 in mouse brains
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2012
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11
pages
English
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2012
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01 janvier 2012
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Neurogenesis, including the proliferation, migration and differentiation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs), is impaired in HIV-1 associated dementia (HAD). We previously demonstrated HIV-1-infected macrophages (HIV-MDM) regulate stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) production in astrocytes through Interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Chemokines are known to induce NPC migration; however, it remains unclear how chemokines produced in inflammation regulate NPC migration. Methods The secretion of SDF-1 and Monocyte chemotactic preotein-1 (MCP-1) in astrocytes upon IL-1β stimulation was measured by ELISA assay . Human NPCs were injected parallel along with IL-1β, SDF-1 or MCP-1 intracranially into basal ganglion 1 mm apart in SCID mice, and immunofluorescent staining was used to study the survival and migration of injected human NPCs. Results SDF-1 and MCP-1 are secreted by astrocytes upon IL-1β stimulation in a time-dependent manner. Injected human NPCs survived in SCID mice and migrated towards sites of IL-1β, SDF-1 and MCP-1 injection. Conclusions In conclusion, chemokines SDF-1 or MCP-1 secreted by astrocytes in the presence of IL-1β injection are attractive to NPCs injected into SCID mouse brains, suggesting that SDF-1 and MCP-1 play important roles in NPC migration during neuroinflammation.
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Wuet al. Translational Neurodegeneration2012,1:15 http://www.translationalneurodegeneration.com/content/1/1/15
Translational Neurodegeneration
R E S E A R C HOpen Access Directed migration of human neural progenitor cells to interleukin1βis promoted by chemokines stromal cellderived factor1 and monocyte chemotactic factor1 in mouse brains 1,3†1†1 11,2*4 1 Yumei Wu, Qiang Chen, Hui Peng , Huanyu Dou , You Zhou , Yunlong Huangand Jialin C Zheng
Abstract Background:Neurogenesis, including the proliferation, migration and differentiation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs), is impaired in HIV1 associated dementia (HAD). We previously demonstrated HIV1infected macrophages (HIVMDM) regulate stromal cellderived factor 1 (SDF1) production in astrocytes through Interleukin1β(IL1β). Chemokines are known to induce NPC migration; however, it remains unclear how chemokines produced in inflammation regulate NPC migration. Methods:The secretion of SDF1 and Monocyte chemotactic preotein1 (MCP1) in astrocytes upon IL1β stimulation was measured by ELISA assay.Human NPCs were injected parallel along with IL1β, SDF1 or MCP1 intracranially into basal ganglion 1 mm apart in SCID mice, and immunofluorescent staining was used to study the survival and migration of injected human NPCs. Results:SDF1 and MCP1 are secreted by astrocytes upon IL1βstimulation in a timedependent manner. Injected human NPCs survived in SCID mice and migrated towards sites of IL1β, SDF1 and MCP1 injection. Conclusions:In conclusion, chemokines SDF1 or MCP1 secreted by astrocytes in the presence of IL1βinjection are attractive to NPCs injected into SCID mouse brains, suggesting that SDF1 and MCP1 play important roles in NPC migration during neuroinflammation.
Background HIVassociated dementia (HAD) is a progressive neuro logical disorder that affects 20 ~ 30% of patients with advanced HIV infection. Neurogenesis, which includes proliferation, migration and differentiation of neural pro genitor cells (NPCs), in adults has been observed to be impaired in HAD patients [1]. The histological correlate of HAD is HIV1 encephalitis (HIVE) which is character ized by reactive astrogliosis, accumulation of activated macrophages, microglial activation, virusinfected multinu cleated giant cells, and neuronal damage [2]. Chemokines
* Correspondence: jzheng@unmc.edu † Equal contributors 1 Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology and Regenerative Therapy Laboratory, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA 2 Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
and chemokine receptors are upregulated in the brains of patients with HIV and HIVE. Among these, stromal cell derived factor 1 (SDF1) [3,4] and monocyte chemotactic protein1 (MCP1) [5,6] are documented to be involved in the pathogenesis of HAD. SDF1, the ligand for CXCR4, has been shown to increase in patients with HIVE [3,4]. Evidence from knockout mouse studies showed that SDF1 and its receptor CXCR4 are crucial for the nervous system development, especially in directing the migration of NPCs in the developing brain [710] and peripheral nervous sys tem [11]. We previously found that SDF1 increases in HAD patients in an IL1βdependent manner [12]. Later studies supported that NPCs migrate to the ischemia region [13] and inflammatory area of the brain [14] in response to SDF1 secretion. Cells expressing CXCR4 frequently coexpress CCR2 re ceptor on neurons and astrocytes in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and substantia nigra [15,16]. MCP1, also
© 2012 Wu et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
