Conception assistée par ordinateur de modèles de processus entre entreprises basée sur une ontologie de collaboration, Knowledge-based system for collaborative process specification
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Thèse soutenue le 03 mars 2009: INPT
Le marché industriel est aujourd’hui de plus en plus dynamique et compétitif. Cette tendance évolutive de l’écosystème amène les entreprises à prendre part à un nombre croissant de réseaux industriels, dans l’optique de maintenir leur activité et d’accroître leur compétitivité. La qualité d’interaction et de collaboration de partenaires de ces réseaux dépend grandement de la capacité de leurs systèmes d’information (SIs) respectifs à gérer et à partager les informations. Le projet MISE (Mediation Information System Engineering) relève pleinement de cette problématique en proposant une approche de conception d’une solution (conceptuelle et technologique) pour le support de l’interopérabilité d’entreprises au travers de leurs SIs. Ce projet s’appuie sur la notion de MDE (Model-Driven Engineering) et s’articule autour de trois niveaux : métier, logique et technologique. Les travaux de! thèse dont il est ici question relèvent du niveau métier en présentant une démarche d’obtention d’un modèle indépendant de toute implémentation (CIM pour Computer Independent Model). Il s’agit en particulier de s’appuyer sur un système basé sur la gestion de connaissance pour concevoir des processus collaboratifs en BPMN (Business Process Modelling Notation). En se positionnant à un niveau d’abstraction au dessus de celui du CIM, on peut capitaliser, manipuler et raisonner une connaissance permettant d’une part de caractériser des collaborations et d’autre part de mettre en place des mécanismes de déduction pour descendre au niveau de CIM. Ces principes sont en outre illustrés par le biais d’un prototype développé pour valider l’approche.
-Processus
-Collaboration
-Interopérabilité
-Système d'information
-Système basé sur connaissances
-Ontologie
-Règle
-Déduction
-Model-driven architecture
Enterprises are now operating in an environment where market is more open, globalized, and competitive. Changes in market conditions are obliging enterprises to become involved in various kinds of industrial networks in order to maintain their business efficiency. The integration of business partners depends deeply on the ability to capture and share information seamlessly amongst the information systems (ISs) of different enterprises. The MISE (Mediation Information System Engineering) project was evolved in order to tackle this problem by providing an information technology solution for supporting the enterprise interoperability through ISs. It is developed on the basis of the MDE (Model Driven Engineering). This dissertation addresses the business level of the interoperability, and the CIM (Computer Independent Model) of the MDE. Its main objective is to develop a knowledge-based system for supporting the design of collabora! tive processes that conform to the BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation). We propose to work at the upper level of the CIM to capture knowledge that allows us to characterize collaboration by basing on the perspectives and experiences of business partners. We use this knowledge together with the existing knowledge (instances about business processes) from the MIT Process Handbook for moving down to the CIM level. The prototype of our knowledge-based system is also developed in order to validate and evaluate the approach.
-Process
-Collaboration
-Interoperability
-Information system
-Knowledgebased system
-Ontology
-Rule
-Deduction
-Model-driven architecture
Source: http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT014G/document
THÈSE
En vue de l'obtention du
DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITÉ DE TOULOUSE
Délivré par l’Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse
Discipline ou spécialité : Systèmes Industriels
Présentée et soutenue par Vatcharaphun RAJSIRI
Le 3 mars 2009
Titre : Knowledge-based system for collaborative process specification
JURY
Chihab HANACHI Professeur Université Toulouse 1 Examinateur
Keith POPPLEWELL Professeur Coventry University Rapporteur
Michele MISSIKOFF Professeur Lab for Enterprise Knowledge & Systems
Khalid BENALI HDR Universite Nancy 2 Rapporteur
Hervé PINGAUD Professeur Ecole des Mines d’Albi-Carmaux Directeur de thèse
Jean-Pierre LORRE Directeur R&D EBM WebSourcing Examinateur
Frédérick BENABEN Maître-Assistant Ecole des Mines d’Albi-Carmaux Examinateur
Ecole doctorale : Ecole Doctorale Systèmes
Unité de recherche : Centre de Génie Industriel, Université Toulouse, Mines Albi
Directeur(s) de Thèse : Pr. Hervé PINGAUD
Acknowledgement
Foremost, I would like to thank my supervisors, Professor Hervé Pingaud and M. Fréderick
Bénaben, who shared with me a lot of their expertise and research insight. Their thoughtful
advice often served to give me a sense of direction during my PhD. I am deeply grateful for
their detailed and constructive comments, and for their important supports throughout this
work.
I also like to express my gratitude to M. Jean-Pierre Lorré, R&D Director of EBM
WebSourcing, who brought me into the world of technology and with whom I learnt about
how to attack theory, methodology and experimental activities in a balanced way.
I wish to thank Professor Keith Popplewell, Professor Michele Missikoff and M. Khalid
Benali for accepting to review and examine my PhD thesis.
I warmly thank also to Professor Chihab Hanachi for his interest in my work and accepting to
chair my thesis defence.
During this work I have collaborated with many colleagues for whom I have great regard, and
I wish to extend my warmest thanks to all those who have helped me with my work in both
EBM WebSourcing and Centre de Génie Industriel of Ecole des Mines d’Albi.
I owe my most sincere gratitude to M. Bertrand Escudié and M. Gaël Blondelle who gave me
the opportunity to work with them at EBM WebSourcing. Special thanks to my colleagues,
Seb, Christophe, Olivier, Anne-Marie, for their warm welcome, their kindness and their
friendship.
My sincere thanks are due to the members of Centre de Génie Industriel of Ecole des Mines
d’Albi, particularly Professor Lionel Dupont and Miss Isabelle Fournier, for their warm
welcome and their assistance during these three years.
Many thanks to my friends: Jelly, Aey, Jane, Fone and Lenx for long chatting and enjoying
our life in France together…I just realized that we’ve known each other for almost ten years!,
Jihed and Seb for your kindness and pleasant working time we had during the last three
years…
Finally, I wish to express my love and gratitude to all my beloved family: my parents, my
sister Noon and my dearest Thacha for their loving support and never advising me to quit this
work. Without their encouragement, understanding and support it would have been
impossible for me to finish this work.
Table of contents
GENERAL INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 1
CHAPTER 1. SCOPE AND OBJECTIVES.......................................................................... 7
1. PROBLEM OF INTER-ENTERPRISE COLLABORATION..................................................... 7
2. HYPOTHESES AND OBJECTIVES OF THE DISSERTATION................................................ 8
2.1. Principal hypotheses .............................................................................................. 8
2.2. Principal objectives and scope of the dissertation............................................... 11
2.2.1. Positioning the dissertation on the MDE approach.......................................... 11
2.2.2. Interoperability frameworks............................................................................. 14
2.2.3. Positioning the dissertation on the interoperability framework ....................... 19
3. ELABORATION OF A KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEM FOR SPECIFYING COLLABORATIVE
PROCESSES ........................................................................................................................... 20
4. CONCLUSION OF THE CHAPTER................................................................................... 21
CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE STUDY ................................................................................ 23
1. APPROACH FOR INTER-ENTERPRISE COLLABORATION .............................................. 23
1.1. Inter-enterprise collaboration.............................................................................. 23
1.1.1. Definitions........................................................................................................ 23
1.1.2. Different types and levels of collaboration ...................................................... 24
1.2. Studies of collaboration characterization............................................................ 26
1.2.1. Network configuration factors ......................................................................... 27
1.2.2. Inter-enterprise relationships............................................................................ 28
1.2.3. Topologies of network ..................................................................................... 29
1.2.4. Dependencies and coordination mechanism .................................................... 31
1.2.5. Conclusion........................................................................................................ 32
1.3. Enterprise knowledge........................................................................................... 33
1.3.1. Types of enterprise knowledge ........................................................................ 34
1.3.2. Knowledge for collaboration 34
1.4. Conclusion............................................................................................................ 36
2. APPROACH FOR COLLABORATIVE PROCESS MODELLING........................................... 37
2.1. SOA....................................................................................................................... 37
2.2. Collaborative process .......................................................................................... 38
2.2.1. Definitions and characteristics of collaborative process .................................. 38
2.2.2. Meta-model of collaborative process [Touzi, 2007] ........................................ 39
2.2.3. BPMN as a collaborative process modelling language.................................... 41
2.3. Modelling approaches 43
2.3.1. Strategic alignment........................................................................................... 43
2.3.2. MIT Process Handbook.................................................................................... 44
2.3.3. Summary of the modelling approaches............................................................ 47
2.4. Collaborative process in a "SOA by mediation" approach.................................. 48
3. CONCLUSION OF THE CHAPTER................................................................................... 48
i
CHAPTER 3. KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEM FOR COLLABORATIVE PROCESS
DEFINITION.......................................................................................................................... 51
1. PRESENTATION OF THE APPROACH............................................................................. 51
2. CONCEPTS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEVELOPING ONTOLOGY................................. 54
2.1. Definitions of ontology......................................................................................... 55
2.2. Uses of ontologies ................................................................................................ 56
2.3. Different categories of ontologies........................................................................ 57
2.4. Ontology languages.............................................................................................. 60
2.4.1. RDF and RDF Schema..................................................................................... 60
2.4.2. OWL................................................................................................................. 62
2.4.3. Conclusion........................................................................................................ 63
2.5. Related ontologies 64
2.5.1. AIAI Enterprise Ontology.........................................................
