Applied argument analysis, nappe tectonics and palynostratigraphy in the middle Lahn-syncline [Elektronische Ressource] : stratigraphy and facies relations in the Devonian and Lower Carboniferous of the middle Lahn-syncline between Weilburg and ruin Aardeck ; (nappe tectonics, Gaudernbacher Schichten, cyclic sequences, fractal analysis, palynostratigraphy, palynofacies, sedimentary pyrite, applied argument analysis) / vorgelegt von André Werner Vogt

Applied argument analysis,
Nappe tectonics
and
Palynostratigraphy
in the middle Lahn-syncline


Stratigraphy and facies relations in the Devonian and Lower Carboniferous of the
middle Lahn-syncline between Weilburg and ruin Aardeck

[Nappe tectonics, Gaudernbacher Schichten, cyclic sequences, fractal analysis, palynostratigraphy,
palynofacies, sedimentary pyrite, applied argument analysis]






Dissertation
zur
Erlangung des Doktorgrades
der Naturwissenschaften
(Dr. rer. nat.)

dem
Fachbereich Geowissenschaften
der
Philipps-Universität Marburg



vorgelegt von

André Werner Vogt

aus Kassel


Marburg a. d. Lahn 2003


431 p. 48 fig. 31 tab. 10 pl. 4 encl. Erklärung:

Hiermit versichere ich, André Werner Vogt, geb. 23.01.1965 in Kassel, dass ich die vorliegende
Dissertation selbständig, ohne unerlaubte Hilfe, angefertigt und mich dabei keiner anderen als der von mir
ausdrücklich bezeichneten Quellen und Hilfsmittel bedient habe.




Marburg, 01.04.2003 _____________________________________













... dedicated to Irmgard Hartmann
















Vom Fachbereich Geowissenschaften der Philipps-Universität Marburg als Dissertation angenommen am:
_________________ 2003.

1. Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Willi Ziegler (t)
2.Prof. Dr. Heinrich Zankl

Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 16.07.2003.
2 CONTENTS

Part A Summaries
A 1 Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 008
A 2 Zusammenfassung ............................................................................................................................ 016

Part B Problems and problem solution strategies
B 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 026
B 2 Applied problem solution methods................................................................................................... 030
B 2.1 Argument analysis and historical review............................................................................ 031
B 2.2 Biostratigraphy ................................................................................................................... 033
B 2.3 Lithological descriptions .................................................................................................... 034
B 2.4 Palaeoenvironment ............................................................................................................. 035
B 2.5 Tectonic analysis and structural development.................................................................... 036

Part C Methodology, detailed observations and conclusions
C 1 Stratigraphic correlation charts (DK1996 & LCC2003)................................................................... 041
C 2 The technique of applied argument analysis (adapted from FISHER 1993) ...................................... 051
C 2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 051
C 2.2 Example I: a text from Wolfgang FRANKE (1995: 38) Chapt. III.B.1 Stratigraphy. - in:
DALLMEYER et al. (ed.): Pre-Permian geology of Central and Eastern Europe... 055
C 2.2.1 Step I: Plain text................................................................................................... 055
C 2.2.2 Step II: Identification and structure of arguments................................................ 055
C 2.2.3 Step III: Extraction of arguments......................................................................... 057
C 2.2.4 Step IV: Evaluation of the arguments .................................................................. 062
C 2.2.5 Step V: Synopsis of convincing arguments.......................................................... 070
C 2.3 Example II: Comparison of two texts from TAIT et al. (1997) & MEISSNER et al. (1994),
dealing with palaeogeographic reconstructions for the position of continents during
the Palaeozoic ...................................................................................................... 071
C 2.3.1 Example IIa: TAIT, BACHTADSE, FRANKE, SOFFEL (1997): Geodynamic evo-
lution of the European Variscan fold belt: palaeomagnetic and geological
constraints............................................................................................................ 071
C 2.3.2 Example IIb: MEISSNER, SADOWIAK, THOMAS, BABEL working group (1994):
East Avalonia, the third partner in the Caledonian collisions: evidence from
deep seismic reflection data................................................................................. 072
C 2.3.3 Results of the text-analyses.................................................................................. 073
C 3 Annotated register of former (1918-1997) biostratigraphic results .................................................. 075
3C 4 Factors influencing the fate of palaeozoic palynomorphs (spores, acritarchs etc.)........................... 081
C 4.1 Classification of different stages of alteration for the processed samples .......................... 083
C 5 New biostratigraphic results ............................................................................................................. 091
C 6 Reconstruction of particle size distributions from thin sections ....................................................... 097
C 7 Petrographic analyses ....................................................................................................................... 103
C 7.1 Famennian greywacke ........................................................................................................ 103
C 7.2 Famennian reworked pyroclastics ("Schalstein") ............................................................... 105
C 7.3 Viséan Bruchberg sandstone .............................................................................................. 107
C 8 Cyclic sequences: identification and interpretation .......................................................................... 111
C 8.1 Orbital forcing and cyclic sequences.................................................................................. 111
C 8.2 Bruchberg sandstone formation.......................................................................................... 112
C 8.3 Helle Lydite (Light flinty-slate formation)......................................................................... 117
C 9 Colour variations in slates as indicators of paleoenvironment and depositional facies .................... 121
C 10 Pyrite occurrence and formation in pelites ..................................................................................... 123
C 11 Fractal analysis: method, results and interpretation........................................................................ 129
C 11.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 129
C 11.2 Methodology used in this study........................................................................................ 130
C 11.3 Results .............................................................................................................................. 135
C 12 Palaeofacies reconstruction from drill core descriptions ................................................................ 139
C 13 Geological sketch map 1:25000: area between Weilburg and Holzheim ....................................... 143
C 13.1 Main processes governing the general geological development of the area..................... 143
C 13.2 Why presenting a "sketch" map?...................................................................................... 143

Part D Compilation and discussion of results
D 1 Results of the historical investigations ............................................................................................. 148
D 2 Development of palaeofacies and palaeoenvironment in Devonian and Lower Carboniferous
times..................................................................................................................... 154
D 2.1 Silurian ............................................................................................................................... 154
D 2.2 Lower Devonian................................................................................................................. 155
D 2.2.1 Emsian... 155
D 2.3 Middle Devonian................................................................................................................ 159
D 2.3.1 Eifelian................................................................................................................. 159
D 2.3.2 Givetian... 162
D 2.4 Upper Devonian........ 170
D 2.4.1 Frasnian... 170