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Joint doctorate between the University of “Modena e
Reggio Emilia” and the University of “Bordeaux 1”
Analysis of the physical mechanisms
limiting performance and reliability of
GaN based HEMTs
A dissertation submitted for the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy
in
Electronics Engineering
by
Mustapha Faqir
Committee in charge:
Professor Fausto Fantini
Professor Nathalie Labat
Professor André Touboul
Professor Roberto Menozzi
Professor Christophe Gaquière
Professor Sonia Bergamaschi
To my wife
Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments
I would like to acknowledge prof. Fausto Fantini, prof. Giovanni Verzellesi, prof. Nathalie
Labat, prof. Nathalie Malbert and prof. André Touboul for their guidance, support, and the
freedom to explore my own ideas; Alessandro Chini, prof. Gaudenzio Meneghesso, prof
Enrico Zanoni and all the members of their group, as well as the members of the NNL
laboratory, for the great cooperative work in Italy; Mohsine Bouya, Arnaud Curutchet,
Yannick Deshayes, and Dominique Carisetti for their cooperative work during my staying
in France; prof. Roberto Menozzi and prof. Christophe Gaquiere for accepting to take part
of my Ph.D committee; prof. Mattia Borgarino, prof. Luigi Rovati, Giulia Cassanelli, and
all the members of Elecom laboratory for contributing to create a good environment of
work.
Many thanks to Neuro, Torchi, Pinuccio, Ale, Tommy, Fabio, Furk, Claudio and all the
members of MD Microdetectors for their encouragement.
I’m very grateful to all the members of my family, especially to my sister and my parents
who have always supported me.
A special thank to my parents-in-law, my sisters-in-law and my brother-in-law for their
encouragement.
Finally I’m extremely indebted to my wife, without whom, this Ph.D would never have
been possible. I would like to thank her for the continuous encouragement, understanding,
tenderness, and for everything she did for me.
1
Curriculum Vitae
Curriculum Vitae
Education
February 2009 PhD in electronics engineering from the University of “Modena and Reggio Emilia”,Italy and
from the University of “Bordeaux 1”, France.
December 2005 Master of Science degree (summa cum laude) in Electronics Engineering, University of
Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
July 2003 Bachelor of Science degree (summa cum laude) in Electronics Engineering,, University of
Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
July 2000 High school diploma in “electrical studies and automation”, Vignola (Italy).
Publications
International M. Faqir, G. Verzellesi, F. Fantini, F. Danesin, F. Rampazzo, G. Meneghesso, E. Zanoni, A.
journals Cavallini, A. Castaldini, N. Labat, A. Touboul, C. Dua. “Characterization and analysis of
trap-related effects in AlGaN–GaN HEMTs”. Microelectronics Reliability. vol. 47, pp. 1639-
1642 ISSN: 0026-2714. 2007.
M. Faqir, G. Verzellesi, G. Meneghesso, E. Zanoni, and F. Fantini. “Investigation of High-
Electric-Field Degradation Effects in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs”, IEEE Transactions on Electron
Devices, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 1592-1602. Jul. 2008.
M. Faqir, G. Verzellesi, A. Chini, F. Fantini, F. Danesin, G. Meneghesso, E. Zanoni, C. Dua.
“Mechanisms of RF Current Collapse in AlGaN-GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors”,
IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 247-247. Jun. 2008.
International M. Faqir, A. Chini, G. Verzellesi, F. Fantini, F. Rampazzo, G. Meneghesso, E. Zanoni, J.
conferences Bernat, P. Kordos. “Physical investigation of high-field degradation mechanisms in
GaN/AlGaN/GaN HEMTs”. ROCS (Reliability of compound semiconductors), IEEE
Workshop. San Antonio, Texas. November 2006.
M. Faqir, A. Chini, G. Verzellesi, F. Fantini, F. Rampazzo, G. Meneghesso, E. Zanoni, J.
Bernat, P. Kordos. “Study of High-Field Degradation Phenomena in GaN-capped
AlGaN/GaN HEMTs”. 15th International Workshop on Heterostructure Technology
HETECH 2006. Manchester, UK. October 2006.
M. Faqir, A. Chini, G. Verzellesi, F. Fantini, F. Rampazzo, G. Meneghesso, E. Zanoni, P.
Kordos. “Analysis of High-Electric-Field Degradation in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs”. 31st
Workshop on Compound Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits (WOCSDICE).
Venice, Italy. May 2007.
M. Faqir, G. Verzellesi, F. Fantini, Cavallini A, Castaldini A, F. Danesin, G. Meneghesso,
Zanoni E. “Interpretation of Buffer-Trap Effects in AlGaN-GaN HEMTs”. 16th European
Workshop on Heterostructure Technology. Fréjus, France. September 2007.
M. Faqir, G. Verzellesi, F. Fantini, F. Danesin, F. Rampazzo, G. Meneghesso, E. Zanoni, A.
Cavallini, A. Castaldini, N. Labat, A. Touboul, C. Dua. “Characterization and analysis of
trap-related effects in AlGaN–GaN HEMTs”. 18th European Symposium Reliability on
Electron Devices, Failure Physics and Analysis. Arcachon - France. October 2007.
M. Faqir, G. Verzellesi, A. Chini, F. Fantini, F. Danesin, F. Rampazzo, G. Meneghesso, E.
Zanoni, N. Labat, A. Touboul, C. Dua. “Effects of surface and buffer traps in passivated
AlGaN-GaN HEMTs” WOCSDICE. leuven, Belgium. May 2008.
G. Verzellesi, M. Faqir, A. Chini, F. Fantini, G. Meneghesso, E. Zanoni, F. Danesin, F.
Zanon, A. Cavallini, A. Castaldini, “False surface-trap signatures induced by buffer traps in
AlGaN-GaN HEMTs”, IRPS 2009.
2
Curriculum Vitae
National M. Faqir, G. Verzellesi, F. Fantini, N. Labat, A. Touboul, N. Malbert, "Simulation based
conferences study of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs degradation after high-electric-field stress tests", Journées
Nationales du Réseau des Doctorants en Microélectronique, JNRDM, (France), 2008
M. Faqir, G. Verzellesi, F. Fantini, N. Labat, A. Touboul, N. Malbert, " Physical investigation
of the effects of surface and buffer traps in passivated AlGaN-GaN HEMTs ", Journées nano,
micro et optoélectronique, JNMO, (France), 2008
3
Index
Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………….6
Introduction………………………………………………………………………………13
1 GaN based High Electron Mobility Transistors