The structuring and governance of new and expanding welfare/‘relational’ services: implications for occupations and employment

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This document is a summary of the findings, for the UK, of a research funded by the
programme “Improving the Human Research Potential and the Socio-Economic
Knowledge Base” of the Research DG of the European Commission. The title of the
research was ‘Job creation in innovative relational services. The case of services to
private individuals’. The main objective of this research, which runs from 2003 to
2006, was to study job creation and the characteristics of employment in relational
services (IRS) consumed by private individuals, such as elder care, childcare,
educational leisure, in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom. In the
UK the study has focused on Elder Care and Childcare
The research consisted in a literature review (2003), interviews at policy and strategic
levels (2004), and, in the UK, 16 case studies, which took place in The North East and
the East of England and in Scotland (2005).
The context of the research is one of pressure of new social needs and demands
linked, in particular, to the transformation of women’s roles, as well as the policy
determination to raise labour market participation rates. As a result of these pressures,
a whole array of social services has been called on to expand (e.g. eldercare,
childcare), and partly new services are being created or are being professionalised
(social mediation, out of school and summer activities).

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