Berg Water Project

WORLD BANK WORKING PAPER NO. 199
Berg Water Project
Communications Practices for Governance and
Sustainabilty Improvement
Lawrence J.M. Haas
Leonardo Mazzei
Donal T. O’Leary
Nigel Rossouw
THE WORLD BANKWORLD BANK WORKING PAPER NO. 199
Berg Water Project
Communication Practices for
Governance and Sustainability Improvement
Lawrence J. M. Haas
Leonardo Mazzei
Donal T. O’Leary
Nigel Rossouw
WP199_BergWater_Text.indb iWP199_BergWater_Text.indb i 6/15/10 12:59:51 PM6/15/10 12:59:51 PMCopyright © 2010
The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank
1818 H Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A.
All rights reserved
Manufactured in the United States of America
First Printing: June 2010
Printed on recycled paper
1 2 3 4 5 13 12 11 10
World Bank Working Papers are published to communicate the results of the Bank’s work to the
development community with the least possible delay. The manuscript of this paper therefore
has not been prepared in accordance with the procedures appropriate to formally edited texts.
Some sources cited in this paper may be informal documents that are not readily available.
The fi ndings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s)
and do not necessarily refl ect the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development/The World Bank and its a liated organizations, or those of the executive directors
of The World Bank or the governments they represent.
The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The
boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do
not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank of the legal status of any territory or the
endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.
The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmi ing portions or all
of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The International Bank
for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and
will normally grant permission promptly to reproduce portions of the work.
For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with
complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers,
MA 01923, USA, Tel: 978-750-8400, Fax: 978-750-4470, www.copyright.com.
All other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed
to the O ce of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA,
Fax: 202-522-2422, email: pubrights@worldbank.org.
ISBN: 978-0-8213-8414-5
eISBN: 978-0-8213-8434-3
ISSN: 1726-5878 DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-8414-5
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data has been requested.
WP199_BergWater_Text.indbWP199_BergWater_Text.indb ii ii 6/15/10 12:59:55 PM6/15/10 12:59:55 PM
43333333333Contents
Abstract ............................................................................................................................................vi
Disclaimer ...................................................................................................................................... vii
Preface ...........................................................................................................................................viii
Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................................... x
About the Authors .........................................................................................................................xi
Acronyms and Abbreviations .................................................................................................... xii
1. Contextual Background .............................................................................................................. 1
Macro Policy Se ing ................................................................................................................. 1
Features of the Berg Water Project ......................................................................................... 5
Integration with the Western Cape System and WC/WDM Link ..................................... 9
Integration with Water Management in the Berg River Basin ......................................... 12
Chronology of Governance Events and Project Decisions ............................................... 15
2. Governance Dimension ........................................................................................................... 23
Governance Context ............................................................................................................... 23
Governance Diagnosis ...........................................................................................................25
Summary Observations on Governance ............................................................................. 41
3. Sustainability Dimension ........................................................................................................ 47
Sustainability Context ............................................................................................................ 47
Sustainability Diagnosis ........................................................................................................ 47
Summary Observations on Sustainability .......................................................................... 63
4. Communication Dimension .................................................................................................... 70
Communication Context ....................................................................................................... 70
Communication Diagnosis 76
Summary Observations on Communication ...................................................................... 88
5. Lessons Drawn on Communication along the Project Cycle ............................................ 94
For Macro Policy and Strategic Planning Stages................................................................ 94
For Project Preparation Stages .............................................................................................. 95
For Project Implementation .................................................................................................. 96
For Project Evaluation and Operation Stages ..................................................................... 96
Appendix A: Berg Water Project Implementation Arrangements and Budget ................. 99
Appendix B: Integration with the Western Cape System and Water Conservation
and Water Demand Management Link ........................................................... 102
Appendix C: Integration of the Berg Water Project in the Berg River Basin ................... 104
iii
WP199_BergWater_Text.indb iiiWP199_BergWater_Text.indb iii 6/15/10 12:59:55 PM6/15/10 12:59:55 PM
4iv Table of Contents
Appendix D: World Commission on Dams (WCD) and Its Infl uence on
South African Policy and the Berg Water Project ......................................... 108
Appendix E: The WC/WDM and Berg CMA Communication Strategies........................ 112
Appendix F: Documents and References ............................................................................... 115
List of Tables
Table 1.1: Perspectives on key water management issues and related
risks in the Berg River .................................................................................................. 15
Table 1.2: Chronology and key events: project preparation and approval ............................ 16
Table 1.3: Chronology and key events: project implementation ............................................. 18
Table 2.1: Risk mitigation approaches as refl ected in the Berg Water Project ....................... 30
Table 2.2: Multi-stakeholder priorities adapting the WCD to South Africa .......................... 40
Table 3.1: IFR regimes and incremental costs of the Berg Water Project ............................... 49
Table 4.1: Process steps to establish the EMC for the Berg Water Project in 2002–2003 ...... 79
Table 4.2: Communication and public relations budget on the Berg Water Project ............. 86
Table A.1: Capital cost breakdown of the Berg Water Project (in 2002) ............................... 100
Table A.2: Berg Water Project capital budget fi nancing sources ........................................... 100
Table D.1: Multi-stakeholder priorities adapting the WCD to South Africa ....................... 110
List of Figures
Figure 1.1: Berg River Dam near Franschhoek ............................................................................ 6
Figure 1.2: Berg Supplement Scheme ............................................................................................ 7
Figure 1.3: Projected demand-supply gap on
the Western Cape Water Supply System ................................................................ 10
Figure 2.1: Stakeholders in the public sector
governance system for infrastructure ...................................................................... 32
Figure 2.2: TCTA’s integration of corporate and project risk management ........................... 34
Figure 2.3: Berg Water Project governance framework—implementation .................