Manual of Surgery: Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition.

Project Gutenberg's Manual of Surgery, by Alexis Thomson and Alexander Miles This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: Manual of Surgery Volume First: General Surgery. Sixth Edition. Author: Alexis Thomson and Alexander Miles Release Date: March 4, 2006 [EBook #17921] Language: English Character set encoding: UTF-8 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MANUAL OF SURGERY *** Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Laura Wisewell and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net OXFORD MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS MANUAL OF SURGERY BY ALEXIS THOMSON, F.R.C.S.Ed. _PROFESSOR OF SURGERY, UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH_ SURGEON EDINBURGH ROYAL INFIRMARY AND ALEXANDER MILES, F.R.C.S.Ed. VOLUME FIRST GENERAL SURGERY _SIXTH EDITION REVISED_ _WITH 169 ILLUSTRATIONS_ LONDON HENRY FROWDE and HODDER & STOUGHTON THE _LANCET_ BUILDING 1 & 2 BEDFORD STREET, STRAND, W.C.2 First Edition 1904 Second Edition 1907 Third Edition 1909 Fourth Edition 1911 " " Second Impression 1913 Fifth Edition 1915 " " Second Impression 1919 Sixth Edition 1921 PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY MORRISON AND GIBB LTD., EDINBURGH PREFACE TO SIXTH EDITION Much has happened since this Manual was last revised, and many surgical lessons have been learned in the hard school of war. Some may yet have to be unlearned, and others have but little bearing on the problems presented to the civilian surgeon. Save in its broadest principles, the surgery of warfare is a thing apart from the general surgery of civil life, and the exhaustive literature now available on every aspect of it makes it unnecessary that it should receive detailed consideration in a manual for students. In preparing this new edition, therefore, we have endeavoured to incorporate only such additions to our knowledge and resources as our experience leads us to believe will prove of permanent value in civil practice. For the rest, the text has been revised, condensed, and in places rearranged; a number of old illustrations have been discarded, and a greater number of new ones added. Descriptions of operative procedures have been omitted from the _Manual_, as they are to be found in the companion volume on _Operative Surgery_, the third edition of which appeared some months ago. We have retained the Basle anatomical nomenclature, as extended experience has confirmed our preference for it. For the convenience of readers who still employ the old terms, these are given in brackets after the new. This edition of the _Manual_ appears in three volumes; the first being devoted to General Surgery, the other two to Regional Surgery. This arrangement has enabled us to deal in a more consecutive manner than hitherto with the surgery of the Extremities, including Fractures and Dislocations. We have once more to express our thanks to colleagues in the Edinburgh School and to other friends for aiding us in providing new illustrations, and for other valuable help, as well as to our publishers for their generosity in the matter of illustrations. EDINBURGH, _March_ 1921.CONTENTS PAGE CHAPTER I REPAIR 1 CHAPTER II CONDITIONS WHICH INTERFERE WITH REPAIR 17 CHAPTER III INFLAMMATION 31 CHAPTER IV SUPPURATION 45 CHAPTER V ULCERATION AND ULCERS 68 CHAPTER VI GANGRENE 86 CHAPTER VII BACTERIAL AND OTHER WOUND INFECTIONS 107 CHAPTER VIII TUBERCULOSIS 133 CHAPTER IX SYPHILIS 146 CHAPTER X TUMOURS 181 CHAPTER XI INJURIES 218 CHAPTER XII METHODS OF WOUND TREATMENT 241 CHAPTER XIII CONSTITUTIONAL EFFECTS OF INJURIES 249 CHAPTER XIV THE BLOOD VESSELS 258 CHAPTER XV THE LYMPH VESSELS AND GLANDS 321 CHAPTER XVI THE NERVES 342 CHAPTER XVII SKIN AND SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUES 376 CHAPTER XVIII THE MUSCLES, TENDONS, AND TENDON SHEATHS 405 CHAPTER XIX THE BURSÆ 426 CHAPTER XX DISEASES OF BONE 434 CHAPTER XXI DISEASES OF JOINTS 501 INDEX 547 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS FIG. PAGE 1. Ulcer of Back of Hand grafted from Abdominal Wall 15 2. Staphylococcus aureus in Pus from case of Osteomyelitis 25 3. Streptococci in Pus from case of Diffuse Cellulitis 26 4. Bacillus coli communis in Pus from Abdominal Abscess 27 5. Fraenkel's Pneumococci in Pus from Empyema following 28 Pneumonia 6. Passive Hyperæmia of Hand and Forearm induced by Bier's 37 Bandage 7. Passive Hyperæmia of Finger induced by Klapp's Suction 38 Bell 8. Passive Hyperæmia induced by Klapp's Suction Bell for 39 Inflammation of Inguinal Gland 9. Diagram of various forms of Whitlow 56 10. Charts of Acute Sapræmia 61 11. Chart of Hectic Fever 62 12. Chart of Septicæmia followed by Pyæmia 63 13. Chart of Pyæmia following on Acute Osteomyelitis 65 14. Leg Ulcers associated with Varicose Veins 71 15. Perforating Ulcers of Sole of Foot 74 16. Bazin's Disease in a girl æt. 16 75 17. Syphilitic Ulcers in region of Knee 76 18. Callous Ulcer showing thickened edges 78 19. Tibia and Fibula, showing changes due to Chronic Ulcer of 80 Leg 20. Senile Gangrene of the Foot 89 21. Embolic Gangrene of Hand and Arm 92 22. Gangrene of Terminal Phalanx of Index-Finger 100 23. Cancrum Oris 103 24. Acute Bed Sores over right Buttock 104 25. Chart of Erysipelas occurring in a wound 108 26. Bacillus of Tetanus 113 27. Bacillus of Anthrax 120 28. Malignant Pustule third day after infection 122 29. Malignant Pustule fourteen days after infection 122 30. Colony of Actinomyces 126 31. Actinomycosis of Maxilla 128 32. Mycetoma, or Madura Foot 130 33. Tubercle bacilli 134 34. Tuberculous Abscess in Lumbar Region 141 35. Tuberculous Sinus injected through its opening in the 144 Forearm with Bismuth Paste 36. Spirochæte pallida 147 37. Spirochæta refrigerans from scraping of Vagina 148 38. Primary Lesion on Thumb, with Secondary Eruption on 154 Forearm 39. Syphilitic Rupia 159 40. Ulcerating Gumma of Lips 169 41. Ulceration in inherited Syphilis 170 42. Tertiary Syphilitic Ulceration in region of Knee and on 171 both Thumbs 43. Facies of Inherited Syphilis 174 44. Facies of Inherited Syphilis 175 45. Subcutaneous Lipoma 185 46. Pedunculated Lipoma of Buttock 186 47. Diffuse Lipomatosis of Neck 187 48. Zanthoma of Hands 188 49. Zanthoma of Buttock 189 50. Chondroma growing from Infra-Spinous Fossa of Scapula 190 51. Chondroma of Metacarpal Bone of Thumb 190 52. Cancellous Osteoma of Lower End of Femur