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File:<
http://www.secureav.com/Comment-AMCC-III.e-Training.pdf
>
LastUpdated:October20,2005
T
HE
A
VIATORS
M
ODEL
C
ODEOF
C
ONDUCT
(AMCC)isavailableat<
http://www.secureav.com
>.
AbouttheCommentary
:
TheCommentaryaddressesselectedissueswithintheA
VIATORS
M
ODEL
C
ODE
OF
C
ONDUCT
(AMCC)toelaborateontheirmeaning,provideinterpretiveguidance,andsuggestwaysof
adoptingtheAMCC.Itisintendedprimarilyforimplementers,policyadministrators,aviationassociation
management,andpilotswhowishtoexploretheAMCCingreaterdepth.Pleasesendyouredits,errata,
andcommentsto<
PEB@secureav.com
>.TermsofUseareavailableat<
http://secureav.com/terms.pdf
>.
C
OMMENTARYTO
AMCCIII.e
T
RAININGAND
P
ROFICIENCY
e.accuratelyloghoursflownandmaneuverspracticedtosatisfytraining
andcurrencyrequirements.
Accuratelyloggingflighttime
1
requiressoundjudgment,
2
ethicalconduct,
3
anddiscipline
byaviators.Itdemandsgreatdiscretionandvoluntarycompliance.Loggingbypilotshasa
historyofuncertainty,regulatoryconfusion,andworse.
OneAMCCreviewercitedacolloquialismamongsomeaviator:
flywhatyoucan;logwhatyou
need!
BobBuckrecountedoneofhisearlycheckouts
[theexaminer]neverlookedatmylogbookormentionedmyflyingtime.Iguesshe
realizedthefallacyoflogbooksthattheywere,andIsupposestillare,suspicious
becauseitseasytowriteinhoursthathaveneverbeenflownandtophonyupthe
endorsementParkertimewecalledit,aftertheParkerpen.Whenpilotsbragabout
havingthousan
4
dsandthousandsofhours,moreworldlypilotsoftensmileknowingly
atsuchfacts.
TheFARsprohibit[a]nyfraudulentorintentionallyfalseentryinanylogbook,record,orreport
thatisrequiredtobekept,made,orusedtoshowcompliancewithanyrequirementforthe
5issuanceorexerciseoftheprivilegesofanycertificate,rating,orauthorizationunderthispart.
NTSBReportCHI98FA296
OnAugust1,1998...aCessna340A,N5340F[atwinengineaircraft],operatedbya
privatepilotcollidedwithLakeMichiganwhiletakingoff...fromtheMerrillC.Meigs
Field...Onepassengerdrownedasaresultoftheaccident.Thepilotandtwoother
passengersreceivedminorinjuries....Hereportedtheairplanestalled,hitthewater,and
flippedover....
Thepilotheldaprivatepilotcertificatewithaninstrumentrating....OnhisAirman
Certificateand/orRatingApplicationforhisinstrumentcheckridethepilotreportedhehad
atotalflighttimeof177.6hours,ofwhich88.7hourswerepilot-in-commandtime.Onthe
NTSBForm6120.1/2thepilotreportedhavingatotalflighttimeof1,600hours,ofwhich
1,450hourswereaspilot-in-command.Inaddition,hereportedhaving500hourstotal
flighttimeinCessna340airplanes,ofwhich400hourswaspilot-in-command.
Thepilotstatedthathehadreceivedamulti-engineratinginMarchorAprilof1997.No
record(s)ofthepilothavingreceivedamulti-engineratingwerelocated.Thepilotreported
hereceivedthemajorityofhismulti-enginetrainingfromaflightinstructorinOhio.When
thisflightinstructorwascontactedhestatedthathehadnotgiventheaccidentpilotmulti-
enginetraining.
6
LoggingisprobablyoneofthemostmisunderstoodportionsofFARPart61.Itisanareaof
aviationregulationthatappearstocreatemuchconfusionamongpilots.Thiscanbeobservedby
1
File:<
http://www.secureav.com/Comment-AMCC-III.e-Training.pdf
>
LastUpdated:October20,2005
T
HE
A
VIATORS
M
ODEL
C
ODEOF
C
ONDUCT
(AMCC)isavailableat<
http://www.secureav.com
>.
presentingaparticularscenariotoagroupofpilotsorflightinstructorsfortheiropini
7
ononhow
thescenarioshouldbelegallylogged.Immediatelyconflictingopinionsareraised.
LoggingApproaches:
ConsiderFAR61.57(c)(1),whichrequiresthecompletionofsix
approaches,holdingprocedures,andtheinterceptingandtrackingofcourseseverysixmonths.
8
In1992aFAAcounselissuedanopinionletterdeclaringthatapilotcannotcountanapproach
forthepurposeofFAR61.57unlessitisflowntothepublishedMinimumDescentAltitude
(MDA)orDecisionHeight(DH)oraltitudetowhichthecontrollerorderedittobebrokenoff.
9
Mostpilotsareneitherawareofthisinterpretationnorconformtoit.Considertheseperspectives
ontheloggingofapproachesbyvariousaviationexperts:
Therulesarenotspecificastowhatconstitutesflyinganinstrumentapproach
underactualIFRconditions,butiftheweatherisbel
1
o
0
wVFRminimumsforany
partoftheapproachthatisgoodenough,wethink.
Itismyunderstandingthatyoucanloganactualinstrumentapproachifany
cloudispenetratedoncetheapproachcommencesorifthevisibilityislessthan
threemiles.Basedonthat,inthelast400hoursinmylogthereare24actual
instrumentapproacheslisted.Ofthose,14wereinmarginalVFRconditions...
.FourteenwereinIFRconditions....Onlyfiveofthelatter14wereinlow
IFR,visibilityofamileorlessand/oraceilingof500feetorless.
11
[Y]oucanloganapproachasactualwheneveryoucloud-flyintheapproach
phaseofflight.
12
InmymanyyearsexperienceasanFAAinspector,Ineveronceaskedan
airmenduringaninvestigationifhisloggedapproacheswerecomplete
approachesflowntominimums,itjustwouldntmatte
1
r
3
tomebecausewhatever
thepilottellsmeiswhatIwouldhavehadtobelieve.
LoggingPICTime:
RulesforloggingPilot-in-Command(PIC)timearevitaltoallpilots
1
4
andyetcomplex,demandingcloseattention.
15
Theruleshaveprovenconfusingwithregardto
actingasPICversusloggingPICtime,pilotandinstructorloggingofPICtimeduringinstrument
trainingflights,andstudentpilotloggingofPICtime.
LoggingMaintenance:
Recordspertinenttothemaintenanceofonesaircraftrequire
accuratelogging.
16
AsNeilD.VanSickleasserts,theycontributesignificantlytosafeand
economicalflightinanytypeofaircraft,operatingunderanyconditions.
17
Withfreedom
comesresponsibility...[for]ownerswhoperformpreventativemaintenancetomake
maintenancerecordentriesofallworkperformed.
18
Althoughownersofamateur-built
experimentalaircraftarenotrequiredtokeepaircraftmaintenancerecords,
19
voluntaryrecord
keepingisimportantbecausedocumentationisakeyingredientofsafety.
2
0
Someloggingrequirementshavebeencriticizedasunnecessarilyimpingingonpilotprivacy.
21
Nonetheless,evenifyouactuallyhavetherecentexperience,nothavingitloggedjustinvites
FAAskepticism.
22
Moreover,loggingtimemayalsobestrictlyconstruedbyinsurers
requiringhoursactuallyflowntobereliablyrecordedinapilotsflightlog.
23
Because[o]ur
entireaviationsystemreliesonthetruthfulnessofitsparticipantstoagreatdegree,
24
pilots
shouldexercisegreatcareinbothunderstandingandaccuratelyrepresentinghoursand
maneuversloggedandaccuratelycompletingotherrecordsassociatedwithflightoperationsand
aircraftownership.
2
File:<
http://www.secureav.com/Comment-AMCC-III.e-Training.pdf
>
LastUpdated:October20,2005
T
HE
A
VIATORS
M
ODEL
C
ODEOF
C
ONDUCT
(AMCC)isavailableat<
http://www.secureav.com
>.
C
ODE
E
XAMPLES
:
25
[Apilot]willnotknowinglyfalsifyanylogorrecord,norwillhecondonesuch
actionbyothercrewmembers.
PilotsCodeofEthics
,AirLinePilots
Association
26
**1
FilghtTimeis(1)Pilottimethatcommenceswhenanaircraftmovesunderitsownpowerforthe
purposeofflightandendswhentheaircraftcomestorestafterlanding....FAR1.1,
availableat
<
http://www.faa.gov
>,
alsoavailableat
<http://risingup.com/fars/info/part1-1-FAR.shtml>.Pilot
timemeansthattimeinwhichaperson--(i)Servesasarequiredpilotflightcrewmember;(ii)Receives
trainingfromanauthorizedinstructorinanaircraft,flightsimulator,orflighttrainingdevice....FAR
61.1(b)(12),
availableat
<
http://www.faa.gov
>,
alsoavailableat
<http://risingup.com/fars/info/part61-1-
FAR.shtml>.Theloggingofflighttimeinflightsimulatorsrequiresfurtherconsideration.
See
FAA,
FlightSimulationTrainingDeviceQualificationGuidanceAdvisoryCirculars
,
at
<http://www.faa.gov/safety/programs_initiatives/aircraft_aviation/nsp/flight_training/ac/>.
Currencyitemstobetrackedmayinclude:pilotincommand(PIC),proficiencychecks,complexaircraft
time,flightevaluations,requiredtraining,takeoff/landing(includingnight),actualinstrumenttimeand
approaches,dateandclassoflastFAAmedical,additionalqualifications(e.g.,international).
See
NBAA,
M
ANAGEMENT
G
UIDE
,§1.9
PilotLogbook
(Sept.1999),
availabletomembersat
<http://web.nbaa.org/member/ops/adm/mgmtguide/1/>;CommentarytoAMCCIII.b.,notes27-29and
accompanyingtext,
availableat
<http://www.secureav.com/Comment-AMCC-III.b-Training.pdf>
(concerningcurrency).
2
[A]ctualinstrumentconditionsmayoccur...[duringaflighton]amoonlessnightovertheoceanwith
nodiscerniblehorizon,ifuseoftheinstrumentsisnecessarytomaintainadequatecontrolovertheaircraft.
Thedeterminationastowhetherflightbyreferencetoinstrumentsisnecessary[andthuscouldbelogged
underFAR61.51]issomewhat
subjective,
andbasedinpartonthe
soundjudgmentofthepilot
...Thelog
shouldincludethereasonsfordeterminingthattheflightwasunderactualinstrumentconditionsincasethe
pilotlaterwouldbecalledontoprovethattheactualinstrumentflighttimeloggedwaslegitimate.Letter
ofInterpretationfromJohnH.Cassad