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Category Category A STOCHASTIC MODEL FOR BACTERIOPHAGE THERAPIES

A STOCHASTIC MODEL FOR BACTERIOPHAGE THERAPIES

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1 Mo

A STOCHASTIC MODEL FOR BACTERIOPHAGE THERAPIES X. BARDINA, D. BASCOMPTE, C. ROVIRA, AND S. TINDEL Abstract. In this article, we analyze a system modeling bacteriophage treatments for infections in a noisy context. In the small noise regime, we show that after a reasonable amount of time the system is close to a sane equilibrium (which is a relevant biologic information) with high probability. Mathematically speaking, our study hinges on con- centration techniques for delayed stochastic differential equations. 1. Introduction In the last years Bacteriophage therapies are attracting the attention of several sci- entific studies. They can be a new and powerful tool to treat bacterial infections or to prevent them applying the treatment to animals such as poultry or swine. Very roughly speaking, they consist in inoculating a (benign) virus in order to kill the bacteria known to be responsible of a certain disease. This kind of treatment is known since the beginning of the 20th century, but has been in disuse in the Western world, erased by antibiotic ther- apies. However, a small activity in this domain has survived in the USSR, and it is now re-emerging (at least at an experimental level). Among the reasons of this re-emersion we can find the progressive slowdown in antibiotic efficiency (antibiotic resistance). Re- ported recent experiments include animal diseases like hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle or atrophic rhinitis in swine, and a need for suitable mathematical models is now expressed by the community.

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  • vivo modeling

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Publié par

Nombre de lectures

8

Langue

English

Poids de l'ouvrage

1 Mo

Western Province Initial value problem Large deviations theory System Sufficiently large
ASTOCHASTICMODELFORBACTERIOPHAGETHERAPIESX.BARDINA,D.BASCOMPTE,C.ROVIRA,ANDS.TINDELAbstract.Inthisarticle,weanalyzeasystemmodelingbacteriophagetreatmentsforinfectionsinanoisycontext.Inthesmallnoiseregime,weshowthatafterareasonableamountoftimethesystemisclosetoasaneequilibrium(whichisarelevantbiologicinformation)withhighprobability.Mathematicallyspeaking,ourstudyhingesoncon-centrationtechniquesfordelayedstochasticdifferentialequations.1.IntroductionInthelastyearsBacteriophagetherapiesareattractingtheattentionofseveralsci-entificstudies.Theycanbeanewandpowerfultooltotreatbacterialinfectionsortopreventthemapplyingthetreatmenttoanimalssuchaspoultryorswine.Veryroughlyspeaking,theyconsistininoculatinga(benign)virusinordertokillthebacteriaknowntoberesponsibleofacertaindisease.Thiskindoftreatmentisknownsincethebeginningofthe20thcentury,buthasbeenindisuseintheWesternworld,erasedbyantibioticther-apies.However,asmallactivityinthisdomainhassurvivedintheUSSR,anditisnowre-emerging(atleastatanexperimentallevel).Amongthereasonsofthisre-emersionwecanfindtheprogressiveslowdowninantibioticefficiency(antibioticresistance).Re-portedrecentexperimentsincludeanimaldiseaseslikehemorrhagicsepticemiaincattleoratrophicrhinitisinswine,andaneedforsuitablemathematicalmodelsisnowexpressedbythecommunity.Letusbealittlemorespecificaboutthe(lytic)bacteriophagemechanism:afterattach-ment,thevirus’geneticmaterialpenetratesintothebacteriaandusethehost’sreplicationmechanismtoself-replicate.Oncethisisdone,thebacteriaiscompletelyspoiledwhilenewvirusesarereleased,readytoattackotherbacteria.Itshouldbenoticedatthispointthatamongtheadvantagesexpectedfromthetherapyisthefactthatitfocusesononespecificbacteria,whileantibioticsalsoattackautochthonousmicrobiota.Roughlyspeaking,itisalsobelievedthatvirusesarelikelytoadaptthemselvestomutationsoftheirhostbacteria.Atamathematicallevel,wheneverthemobilityofthedifferentbiologicalactorsishighenough,bacteriophagesystemscanbemodeledbyakindofpredator-preyequation.Namely,setSt(resp.Qt)forthebacteria(resp.bacteriophages)concentrationattimet.Consideratruncatedidentityfunctionσ:R+→R+,suchthatσ∈C∞,σ(x)=xDate:September1,2011.2010MathematicsSubjectClassification.Primary60H35;Secondary60H07,60H10,65C30.Keywordsandphrases.Bacteriophage,competitionsystems,Brownianmotion,largedeviations.S.TindelismemberoftheBIGS(Biology,GeneticsandStatistics)teamatINRIA.X.BardinaandD.BascomptearesupportedbythegrantMTM2009-08869fromtheMinisteriodeCienciaeInnovación.C.RoviraissupportedbythegrantMTM2009-07203fromtheMinisteriodeCienciaeInnovación.1
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