Report on South-South Cooperation in Ibero-America 2011

SEGIB Studies No. 6 Report on South-South Cooperation in Ibero-America 2011 SEGIB Studies No. 6 Report on South-South Cooperation in Ibero-America 2011 With the collaboration of:SEGIB Studies nº 6 Report on South-South Cooperation in Ibero-America 2011Ibero-American General Secretariat (SEGIB) Paseo Recoletos, 8 28001-Madrid Copyright SEGIB November 2011 Author: Cristina Xalma – Researcher, Ibero-American General Secretariat (SEGIB) Director: Jose Maria Vera, Planning Director, Cooperation Secretariat, Ibero-American General Secretariat (SEGIB) Collaborator: Technical Unit of the Ibero-American Program to Strengthen South-South Cooperation Manager (Patricia González) and Consultant (María Clara Sanín) Cover photo: Brazilian bilateral horizontal South-South cooperation project to increase soya and maize production in Cuba. Project details can be found in Chapter II, Box II.6, of this Report. Design and Production: believe - www.believearts.comTABl E of Con TEn TSTABLE of CoNTENTS INTRoDUCTIoN 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARy 5 Ch APTER I. SoUTh-So UTh Coo PERATIoN IN IBERo-AMERICA: DEEPENING Th E STUDy of Th E PRINCIPLES UNDERLyING SSC* 11 *Prepared by the Ibero-American Cooperation officers I.1. Introduction I.2. origin of South-South Cooperation principles I.3. Some criteria of South-South Cooperation I.3.1. South-South cooperation as a means to generate and strengthen capacities I.3.2. South-South cooperation as a means for collaboration and coordination I.3.3. South-South cooperation as a driving force for regional integration I.4. f inal thoughts Ch APTER II. IBERo-AMERICA AND BILATERAL h oRIzo NTAL SoUTh-So UTh Coo PERATIoN 21 II.1. Information on South-South Cooperation: Progress and challenges II.2. Bilateral h orizontal South-South Cooperation projects and actions II.2.1. Cooperation matrices II.2.2. Geographical distribution maps II.3. Bilateral relations: a characterization II.4. Sectoral analysis of Bilateral h orizontal South-South Cooperation II.4.1. Sectoral distribution of cooperation projects and actions II.4.2. Regional profile of capacities and needs II.5. Economic cost of technical cooperation: a first approximation II.6. h umanitarian and Emergency Aid in Latin America and h aiti Ch APTER III. TRIANGULAR SoUTh-So UTh Coo PERATIoN IN IBERo-AMERICA 69 III.1. Introduction and methodological notes III.2. Triangular South-South Cooperation in Ibero-America: Main features III.3. Regional profile of capacities and needs III.4. Triangular South-South Cooperation: Implementation III.5. Triangular Cooperation with h aiti: Projects and Emergency AidCh APTER IV. REGIoNAL h oRIzo NTAL SoUTh-So UTh Coo PERATIoN 91 IV.1. Introduction and methodology IV.2. Regional h orizontal South-South Cooperation: A review of experiences IV.2.1. Mesoamerican Cooperation Program IV.2.2. Ibero-American cooperation programs IV.2.3. Andean and South American experiences IV.2.4. Lessons learned IV.3. o fficial Development Assistance (oDA) and strengthening Regional h orizontal South-South Cooperation: the Case of Spain Ch APTER V. SySTEMATIzING BILATERAL AND TRIANGULAR h oRIzo NTAL SoUTh-So UTh Coo PERATIoN* 115 *Lead author: Technical Unit, Ibero-American Program to Strengthen h orizontal South-South Cooperation (Patricia Gonzalez, Manager of the Technical Unit, and Maria Clara Sanin, Consultant) V.1. Introduction V.2. Criteria and methodology V.3. Systematized experiences V.3.1. Argentina and Bolivia: capacity-building to discover the truth V.3.2. Colombia and Costa Rica: innovation through cooperation between public utilities V.3.3. Cuba and efforts to eradicate illiteracy: “yo, Sí Puedo” in Panama and Nicaragua V.3.4. Mollusk farming: a common challenge for Mexico and Panama V.3.5. Twinning of Chilean and Bolivian hospitals: children first V.3.6. Paraguay: transforming civil service with support from Chile and Spain V.3.7. Dominican Republic, Mexico and Germany: networking for solid waste management V.4. Some lessons learned from the cases V.4.1. Identification V.4.2. f ormulation and negotiation V.4.3. Implementation V.4.4. outcomes V.5. f uture challenges Ch APTER VI. IBERo-AMERICA AND GLoBAL off ICIAL DEVELoPMENT ASSISTANCE (oDA) 137 VI.1. Introduction VI.2. official Development Assistance directed to Ibero-America VI.3. oDA from Spain, Portugal and Andorra to their Ibero-American partners BIBLIoGRAPhy 151 ANNEX 157INDEX of Bo XES Box II.1. South-South Cooperation Indicators: needs, opportunities and challenges Box II.2. “Bidirectional” cooperation projects and actions Box II.3. Mother-Child h ealth: a priority for South-South Cooperation Box II.4. Livestock in agricultural cooperation for Argentina, Brazil and Mexico Box II.5. Guaranteeing h uman Rights: efforts through South-South Cooperation Box II.6. Applications of Brazilian crop techniques: an illustration based on cooperation with Cuba and Costa Rica Box II.7: Mexico: supporting institutional capacity-building in Central America Box II.8. The skills profile of the new providers: Ecuador, Peru and Uruguay Box II.9. Ibero-America for h aiti: Emergency, Reconstruction and Development Box III.1. Triangular South-South Cooperation: Lessons Learned and Management Challenges Box III.2. Brazil, Germany and Peru: promoting clean technologies Box IV.1. Inclusive Education in Mesoamerica Box IV.2. Regional h IV/AIDS Technical h orizontal Cooperation Program INDEX of D IAGRAMS Diagram II.1. Characterization of South-South cooperation data. Report 2011 Diagram II.2. Characterization of available economic cost data Diagram III.1. Country participation in triangular South-South cooperation, by role. 2010 Diagram III.2. Changes in the relative position of first providers, by criteria. 2010 Diagram III.3. Triangular South-South Cooperation variants, by genesis and institutional framework Diagram IV.1. Mexican Cooperation in Central America: institution-building process Diagram IV.2. Ibero-American Cooperation institution-building process INDEX of G RAPh S Graph II.1. Characterization of bilateral relations between countries, by providers. 2010 Graph II.2. Characterization of bilateral relations between countries, by recipients. 2010 Graph II.3. Bilateral horizontal South-South cooperation grouped by activity sector. 2010 Graph II.4. Bilateral horizontal South-South cooperation projects, by sector. 2010 Graph II.5. Profile of top provider capacities, by activity sphere. 2010 Graph II.6. Profile of top provider capacities, by activity sector. 2010 Graph II.7. Profile of top recipient needs, by activity sphere. 2010 Graph II.8. Profile of top recipient needs, by activity sector. 2010 Graph III.1. Weight of cooperating countries in triangular cooperation projects, by role. 2010 Graph III.2. Weight of triangular SSC actions and projects, by country and by role. 2010 Graph III.3. Triangular South-South cooperation, by sector groups. 2010 Graph III.4. Triangular South-South cooperation, by sector. 2010 Graph III.5. Sector profile for triangular South-South cooperation. Principal partners. 2010 Graph VI.1. Net oDA directed to Ibero-American countries and to developing countries. 2000-2010 Graph VI.2. Distribution of total oDA to the region, by recipient. 2009 Graph VI.3. Evolution of global oDA directed to principal recipients. 2000-2009 Graph VI.4. Distribution of total oDA to the region, by donor. 2009 Graph VI.5. Donor weight in net oDA to Ibero-American countries. 2000 and 2009 Graph VI.6. Net oDA directed by Spain to other Ibero-American countries. 2000-2010 Graph VI.7. Net oDA delivered by Spain to other Ibero-American countries. 2000-2009 Graph VI.8. Spanish oDA and h umanitarian Aid to h aiti. 2000-2010 Graph VI.9. Net oDA directed by Portugal to other Ibero-American countries. 2000-2010 INDEX of M APS Map II.1. Geographical distribution of cooperation projects, by role. 2010 Map II.2. Geographical distribution of cooperation actions, by role. 2010 INDEX of M ATRIXES Matrix II.1. Bilateral horizontal South-South cooperation projects. 2010 Matrix II.2. Bilateral horizontal South-South cooperation actions. 2010 Matrix II.3. Bilateral horizontal South-South cooperation projects, by sphere of activity. 2010 Matrix A.1. Bilateral horizontal South-South cooperation actions, by sphere of activity. 2010INDEX of TABLES Table I.1. o bjectives of Technical Cooperation among Developing Countries (TCDC), according to the Buenos Aires Plan of Action (1978) Table I.2. Recommendations Endorsed by the Buenos Aires Plan of Action, by ambit Table II.1. Economic cost of bilateral horizontal South-South cooperation projects. 2010 Table II.2. Economic contribution by provider country. Bilateral horizontal SSC projects. 2010 Table II.3. Economic contribution by recipient country. Bilateral horizontal SSC projects. 2010 Table II.4. Principal h umanitarian and Emergency Aid operations. 2010 Table III.1. Triangular South-South cooperation projects, by prime provider. 2010 Table III.2. Triangular South-South cooperation actions, by prime provider. 2010 Table III.3. Ibero-American triangular South-South cooperation with h aiti. 2010 Table IV.1. Report on regional horizontal South-South cooperation programs, by country. 2010 Table IV.2. Mesoamerican Cooperation Program (component Mexico), by project and cooperating country. 2010 Table IV.3. Selection of Ibero-American cooperation programs. Characterization and review of recent years (2005-2010) Table IV.4. Selection of regional horizontal South-South cooperation programs in the Andean and South American regions. 2010 Table IV.5. Spain’s contribution to regional horizontal South-South cooperation through oDA. 2010 Table IV.6. Identification, negotiation, formulation and funding of Rh SSC programs supported by Spanish oDA, listed by consultative process Table V.1. Criteria to systematize bilateral and triangular horizontal South-South cooperation Table V.2. Cases systematized by the Ibero-American Program to Strengthen